rhai/doc/src/language/constants.md
2020-11-21 14:46:05 +08:00

70 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown

Constants
=========
{{#include ../links.md}}
Constants can be defined using the `const` keyword and are immutable.
Constants follow the same naming rules as [variables].
```rust
const x = 42;
print(x * 2); // prints 84
x = 123; // <- syntax error: cannot assign to constant
```
```rust
const x; // 'x' is a constant '()'
const x = 40 + 2; // 'x' is a constant 42
```
Manually Add Constant into Custom Scope
--------------------------------------
It is possible to add a constant into a custom [`Scope`] so it'll be available to scripts
running with that [`Scope`].
When added to a custom [`Scope`], a constant can hold any value, not just a literal value.
It is very useful to have a constant value hold a [custom type], which essentially acts
as a [_singleton_](../patterns/singleton.md).
```rust
use rhai::{Engine, Scope, RegisterFn};
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct TestStruct(i64); // custom type
let mut engine = Engine::new();
engine
.register_type_with_name::<TestStruct>("TestStruct") // register custom type
.register_get("value", |obj: &mut TestStruct| obj.0), // property getter
.register_fn("update_value",
|obj: &mut TestStruct, value: i64| obj.0 = value // mutating method
);
let mut scope = Scope::new(); // create custom scope
scope.push_constant("MY_NUMBER", TestStruct(123_i64)); // add constant variable
// Beware: constant objects can still be modified via a method call!
engine.consume_with_scope(&mut scope,
r"
MY_NUMBER.update_value(42);
print(MY_NUMBER.value); // prints 42
")?;
```
Constants Can be Modified, Just Not Reassigned
---------------------------------------------
A custom type stored as a constant can be modified via its registered API -
being a constant only prevents it from being re-assigned or operated upon by Rhai;
mutating it via a Rust function is still allowed.