Merge pull request #293 from schungx/master

Add Engine::register_module.

RELEASES.md

@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ New features
 ------------
 
 * `switch` statement.
+* `Engine::register_module` to register a module as a sub-module in the global namespace, while at the same time exposing its method functions globally. This is convenient when registering an API for a custom type.
+
+Enhancements
+------------
+
+* New constant `Dynamic::UNIT`.
 
 
 Version 0.19.5

benches/eval_expression.rs

@@ -156,3 +156,61 @@ fn bench_eval_loop_strings_no_build(bench: &mut Bencher) {
 
     bench.iter(|| engine.consume_ast(&ast).unwrap());
 }
+
+#[bench]
+fn bench_eval_switch(bench: &mut Bencher) {
+    let script = r#"
+        let sum = 0;
+        let rem = 0;
+
+        for x in range(0, 10) {
+            rem = x % 5;
+
+            sum += switch rem {
+                0 => 10,
+                1 => 12,
+                2 => 42,
+                3 => 1,
+                _ => 9
+            }
+        }
+    "#;
+
+    let mut engine = Engine::new();
+    engine.set_optimization_level(OptimizationLevel::None);
+
+    let ast = engine.compile(script).unwrap();
+
+    bench.iter(|| engine.consume_ast(&ast).unwrap());
+}
+
+#[bench]
+fn bench_eval_nested_if(bench: &mut Bencher) {
+    let script = r#"
+        let sum = 0;
+        let rem = 0;
+
+        for x in range(0, 10) {
+            rem = x % 5;
+
+            sum += if rem == 0 {
+                10
+            } else if rem == 1 {
+                12
+            } else if rem == 2 {
+                42
+            } else if rem == 3 {
+                1
+            } else{
+                9
+            };
+        }
+    "#;
+
+    let mut engine = Engine::new();
+    engine.set_optimization_level(OptimizationLevel::None);
+
+    let ast = engine.compile(script).unwrap();
+
+    bench.iter(|| engine.consume_ast(&ast).unwrap());
+}

codegen/src/module.rs

@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ impl Module {
         let mut mod_all = mod_all.unwrap();
         let mod_name = mod_all.ident.clone();
         let (_, orig_content) = mod_all.content.take().unwrap();
-        let mod_attrs = mem::replace(&mut mod_all.attrs, Vec::with_capacity(0));
+        let mod_attrs = mem::take(&mut mod_all.attrs);
 
         if !params.skip {
             // Generate new module items.

doc/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -117,13 +117,14 @@ The Rhai Scripting Language
    6. [Subtle Semantic Changes](engine/optimize/semantics.md)
 8. [Usage Patterns](patterns/index.md)
    1. [Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)](patterns/oop.md)
-   2. [Loadable Configuration](patterns/config.md)
+   2. [Working With Rust Enums](patterns/enums.md)
-   3. [Control Layer](patterns/control.md)
+   3. [Loadable Configuration](patterns/config.md)
-   4. [Singleton Command](patterns/singleton.md)
+   4. [Control Layer](patterns/control.md)
-   5. [Multi-Layer Functions](patterns/multi-layer.md)
+   5. [Singleton Command](patterns/singleton.md)
-   6. [One Engine Instance Per Call](patterns/parallel.md)
+   6. [Multi-Layer Functions](patterns/multi-layer.md)
-   7. [Scriptable Event Handler with State](patterns/events.md)
+   7. [One Engine Instance Per Call](patterns/parallel.md)
-   8. [Dynamic Constants Provider](patterns/dynamic-const.md)
+   8. [Scriptable Event Handler with State](patterns/events.md)
+   9. [Dynamic Constants Provider](patterns/dynamic-const.md)
 9. [Advanced Topics](advanced.md)
    1. [Capture Scope for Function Call](language/fn-capture.md)
    2. [Low-Level API](rust/register-raw.md)

doc/src/engine/custom-op.md

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ The following _precedence table_ shows the built-in precedence of standard Rhai
 | ------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | :----------------: |
 | Assignments         | `=`, `+=`, `-=`, `*=`, `/=`, `~=`, `%=`,<br/>`<<=`, `>>=`, `&=`, <code>\|=</code>, `^=` |         0          |
 | Logic and bit masks |                        <code>\|\|</code>,  <code>\|</code>, `^`                         |         30         |
-| Logic and bit masks |                                        `&`, `&&`                                        |         60         |
+| Logic and bit masks |                                        `&&`, `&`                                        |         60         |
 | Comparisons         |                                       `==`, `!=`                                        |         90         |
 |                     |                                          `in`                                           |        110         |
 | Comparisons         |                                  `>`, `>=`, `<`, `<=`                                   |        130         |

doc/src/engine/custom-syntax.md

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ fn implementation_func(
         }
     }
 
-    Ok(().into())
+    Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
 }
 
 // Register the custom syntax (sample): exec |x| -> { x += 1 } while x < 0;

doc/src/language/switch.md

@@ -71,20 +71,25 @@ switch map {
 }
 ```
 
+Switching on [arrays] is very useful when working with Rust enums (see [this chapter]({{rootUrl}}/patterns/enums.md)
+for more details).
 
-Difference From If-Else Chain
------------------------------
 
-Although a `switch` expression looks _almost_ the same as an `if`-`else` chain,
+Difference From `if` - `else if` Chain
+-------------------------------------
+
+Although a `switch` expression looks _almost_ the same as an `if`-`else if` chain,
 there are subtle differences between the two.
 
+### Look-up Table vs `x == y`
+
 A `switch` expression matches through _hashing_ via a look-up table.
-Therefore, matching is very fast.  Walking down an `if`-`else` chain
+Therefore, matching is very fast.  Walking down an `if`-`else if` chain
-will be _much_ slower.
+is _much_ slower.
 
 On the other hand, operators can be [overloaded][operator overloading] in Rhai,
 meaning that it is possible to override the `==` operator for integers such
-that `if x == y` returns a different result from the built-in default.
+that `x == y` returns a different result from the built-in default.
 
 `switch` expressions do _not_ use the `==` operator for comparison;
 instead, they _hash_ the data values and jump directly to the correct
@@ -95,3 +100,12 @@ the `==` operator will have no effect.
 Therefore, in environments where it is desirable to [overload][operator overloading]
 the `==` operator - though it is difficult to think of valid scenarios where you'd want
 `1 == 1` to return something other than `true` - avoid using the `switch` expression.
+
+### Efficiency
+
+Because the `switch` expression works through a look-up table, it is very efficient
+even for _large_ number of cases; in fact, switching is an O(1) operation regardless
+of the size of the data and number of cases to match.
+
+A long `if`-`else if` chain becomes increasingly slower with each additional case
+because essentially an O(n) _linear scan_ is performed.

doc/src/patterns/control.md

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ engine.register_result_fn("bunny_set_speed", move |speed: i64|
         return Err("Bunny is not yet going!".into());
     }
 
-    Ok(().into())
+    Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
 );
 ```
 

doc/src/patterns/enums.md

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+Working With Rust Enums
+=======================
+
+{{#include ../links.md}}
+
+Enums in Rust are typically used with _pattern matching_.  Rhai is dynamic, so although
+it integrates with Rust enum variants just fine (treated transparently as [custom types]),
+it is impossible (short of registering a complete API) to distinguish between individual
+enum variants or to extract internal data from them.
+
+
+Simulate an Enum API
+--------------------
+
+A [plugin module] is extremely handy in creating an entire API for a custom enum type.
+
+```rust
+use rhai::{Engine, Dynamic, EvalAltResult};
+use rhai::plugin::*;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
+enum MyEnum {
+    Foo,
+    Bar(i64),
+    Baz(String, bool)
+}
+
+// Create a plugin module with functions constructing the 'MyEnum' variants
+#[export_module]
+mod MyEnumModule {
+    // Constructors for 'MyEnum' variants
+    pub const Foo: &MyEnum = MyEnum::Foo;
+    pub fn Bar(value: i64) -> MyEnum {
+        MyEnum::Bar(value)
+    }
+    pub fn Baz(val1: String, val2: bool) -> MyEnum {
+        MyEnum::Baz(val1, val2)
+    }
+    // Access to fields
+    #[rhai_fn(get = "enum_type")]
+    pub fn get_type(a: &mut MyEnum) -> String {
+        match a {
+            MyEnum::Foo => "Foo".to_string(),
+            MyEnum::Bar(_) => "Bar".to_string(),
+            MyEnum::Baz(_, _) => "Baz".to_string()
+        }
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(get = "field_0")]
+    pub fn get_field_0(a: &mut MyEnum) -> Dynamic {
+        match a {
+            MyEnum::Foo => Dynamic::UNIT,
+            MyEnum::Bar(x) => Dynamic::from(x),
+            MyEnum::Baz(x, _) => Dynamic::from(x)
+        }
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(get = "field_1")]
+    pub fn get_field_1(a: &mut MyEnum) -> Dynamic {
+        match a {
+            MyEnum::Foo | MyEnum::Bar(_) => Dynamic::UNIT,
+            MyEnum::Baz(_, x) => Dynamic::from(x)
+        }
+    }
+    // Printing
+    #[rhai(name = "to_string", name = "print", name = "debug")]
+    pub fn to_string(a: &mut MyEnum) -> String {
+        format!("{:?}", a))
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "+")]
+    pub fn add_to_str(s: &str, a: MyEnum) -> String {
+        format!("{}{:?}", s, a))
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "+")]
+    pub fn add_str(a: &mut MyEnum, s: &str) -> String {
+        format!("{:?}", a).push_str(s))
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "+=")]
+    pub fn append_to_str(s: &mut ImmutableString, a: MyEnum) -> String {
+        s += a.to_string())
+    }
+    // '==' and '!=' operators
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "==")]
+    pub fn eq(a: &mut MyEnum, b: MyEnum) -> bool {
+        a == &b
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "!=")]
+    pub fn neq(a: &mut MyEnum, b: MyEnum) -> bool {
+        a != &b
+    }
+    // Array functions
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "push")]
+    pub fn append_to_array(list: &mut Array, item: MyEnum) {
+        list.push(Dynamic::from(item)));
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "+=")]
+    pub fn append_to_array_op(list: &mut Array, item: MyEnum) {
+        list.push(Dynamic::from(item)));
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "insert")]
+    pub fn insert_to_array(list: &mut Array, position: i64, item: MyEnum) {
+        if position <= 0 {
+            list.insert(0, Dynamic::from(item));
+        } else if (position as usize) >= list.len() - 1 {
+            list.push(item);
+        } else {
+            list.insert(position as usize, Dynamic::from(item));
+        }
+    }
+    #[rhai_fn(name = "pad")]
+    pub fn pad_array(list: &mut Array, len: i64, item: MyEnum) {
+        if len as usize > list.len() { list.resize(len as usize, item); }
+    }
+}
+
+let mut engine = Engine::new();
+
+// Load the module as the module namespace "MyEnum"
+engine
+    .register_type_with_name::<MyEnum>("MyEnum")
+    .register_module("MyEnum", exported_module!(MyEnumModule));
+```
+
+With this API in place, working with enums feels almost the same as in Rust:
+
+```rust
+let x = MyEnum::Foo;
+
+let y = MyEnum::Bar(42);
+
+let z = MyEnum::Baz("hello", true);
+
+x == MyEnum::Foo;
+
+y != MyEnum::Bar(0);
+
+// Detect enum types
+
+x.enum_type == "Foo";
+
+y.enum_type == "Bar";
+
+z.enum_type == "Baz";
+
+// Extract enum fields
+
+y.field_0 == 42;
+
+y.field_1 == ();
+
+z.field_0 == "hello";
+
+z.field_1 == true;
+```
+
+Since enums are internally treated as [custom types], they are not _literals_ and cannot be
+used as a match case in `switch` expressions.  This is quite a limitation because the equivalent
+`match` statement is commonly used in Rust to work with enums and bind variables to
+variant-internal data.
+
+It is possible, however, to `switch` through enum variants based on their types:
+
+```c
+switch x.enum_type {
+  "Foo" => ...,
+  "Bar" => {
+    let value = foo.field_0;
+    ...
+  }
+  "Baz" => {
+    let val1 = foo.field_0;
+    let val2 = foo.field_1;
+    ...
+  }
+}
+```
+
+
+Use `switch` Through Arrays
+---------------------------
+
+Another way to work with Rust enums in a `switch` expression is through exposing the internal data
+of each enum variant as a variable-length [array], usually with the name of the variant as
+the first item for convenience:
+
+```rust
+use rhai::Array;
+
+engine.register_get("enum_data", |x: &mut Enum| {
+    match x {
+        Enum::Foo => vec![
+            "Foo".into()
+        ] as Array,
+
+        Enum::Bar(value) => vec![
+            "Bar".into(), (*value).into()
+        ] as Array,
+
+        Enum::Baz(val1, val2) => vec![
+            "Baz".into(), val1.clone().into(), (*val2).into()
+        ] as Array
+    }
+});
+```
+
+Then it is a simple matter to match an enum via the `switch` expression:
+
+```c
+// Assume 'value' = 'MyEnum::Baz("hello", true)'
+// 'enum_data' creates a variable-length array with 'MyEnum' data
+let x = switch value.enum_data {
+    ["Foo"] => 1,
+    ["Bar", 42] => 2,
+    ["Bar", 123] => 3,
+    ["Baz", "hello", false] => 4,
+    ["Baz", "hello", true] => 5,
+    _ => 9
+};
+
+x == 5;
+
+// Which is essentially the same as:
+let x = switch [value.type, value.field_0, value.field_1] {
+    ["Foo", (), ()] => 1,
+    ["Bar", 42, ()] => 2,
+    ["Bar", 123, ()] => 3,
+    ["Baz", "hello", false] => 4,
+    ["Baz", "hello", true] => 5,
+    _ => 9
+}
+```

doc/src/patterns/events.md

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ impl Handler {
                             // Default implementation of 'update' event handler
                             self.scope.set_value("state2", SomeType::new(42));
                             // Turn function-not-found into a success
-                            Ok(().into())
+                            Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
                         }
                         _ => Err(err.into())
                     })

doc/src/patterns/singleton.md

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ pub mod bunny_api {
             Err("Bunny is not yet going!".into())
         } else {
             b.borrow_mut().set_speed(speed);
-            Ok(().into())
+            Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
         }
     }
     pub fn turn_left(bunny: &mut SharedBunny) {

doc/src/plugins/module.md

@@ -123,6 +123,53 @@ x == 43;
 Notice that, when using a [module] as a [package], only functions registered at the _top level_
 can be accessed.  Variables as well as sub-modules are ignored.
 
+### Use `Engine::register_module`
+
+Another simple way to load this into an [`Engine`] is, again, to use the `exported_module!` macro
+to turn it into a normal Rhai [module], then use the `Engine::register_module` method on it:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+    let mut engine = Engine::new();
+
+    // The macro call creates a Rhai module from the plugin module.
+    let module = exported_module!(my_module);
+
+    // A module can simply be loaded as a globally-available module.
+    engine.register_module("service", module);
+}
+```
+
+The functions contained within the module definition (i.e. `greet`, `get_num` and `increment`),
+plus the constant `MY_NUMBER`, are automatically loaded under the module namespace `service`:
+
+```rust
+let x = service::greet("world");
+x == "hello, world!";
+
+service::MY_NUMBER == 42;
+
+let x = service::greet(service::get_num().to_string());
+x == "hello, 42!";
+
+let x = service::get_num();
+x == 42;
+
+service::increment(x);
+x == 43;
+```
+
+`Engine::register_module` also exposes all _methods_ and _iterators_ from the module to the
+_global_ namespace, so [getters/setters] and [indexers] for [custom types] work as expected.
+
+Therefore, in the example able, `increment` works fine when called in method-call style:
+
+```rust
+let x = 42;
+x.increment();
+x == 43;
+```
+
 ### Use as loadable `Module`
 
 Using this directly as a dynamically-loadable Rhai [module] is almost the same, except that a

doc/src/rust/custom.md

@@ -191,3 +191,10 @@ engine.register_fn("==",
 let item = new_ts();        // construct a new 'TestStruct'
 item in array;              // 'in' operator uses '=='
 ```
+
+
+Working With Enums
+------------------
+
+It is quite easy to use Rust enums with Rhai.
+See [this chapter]({{rootUrl}}/patterns/enums.md) for more details.

doc/src/rust/modules/create.md

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ Make the `Module` Available to the `Engine`
 `Engine::load_package` supports loading a [module] as a [package].
 
 Since it acts as a [package], all functions will be registered into the _global_ namespace
-and can be accessed without _module qualifiers_.
+and can be accessed without _namespace qualifiers_.  This is by far the easiest way to expose
+a module's functionalities to Rhai.
 
 ```rust
 use rhai::{Engine, Module};
@@ -41,6 +42,44 @@ engine.eval::<i64>("inc(41)")? == 42;       // no need to import module
 ```
 
 
+Make the `Module` a Global Module
+------------------------------------
+
+`Engine::register_module` loads a [module] and makes it available globally under a specific namespace.
+
+```rust
+use rhai::{Engine, Module};
+
+let mut module = Module::new();             // new module
+module.set_fn_1("inc", |x: i64| Ok(x+1));   // use the 'set_fn_XXX' API to add functions
+
+// Load the module into the Engine as a sub-module named 'calc'
+let mut engine = Engine::new();
+engine.register_module("calc", module);
+
+engine.eval::<i64>("calc::inc(41)")? == 42; // refer to the 'Calc' module
+```
+
+`Engine::register_module` also exposes all _methods_ and _iterators_ from the module to the
+_global_ namespace, so [getters/setters] and [indexers] for [custom types] work as expected.
+
+```rust
+use rhai::{Engine, Module};
+
+let mut module = Module::new();             // new module
+module.set_fn_1_mut("inc",                  // add new method
+    |x: &mut i64| Ok(x+1)
+);
+
+// Load the module into the Engine as a sub-module named 'calc'
+let mut engine = Engine::new();
+engine.register_module("calc", module);
+
+// The method 'inc' works as expected because it is exposed to the global namespace
+engine.eval::<i64>("let x = 41; x.inc()")? == 42;
+```
+
+
 Make the `Module` Dynamically Loadable
 -------------------------------------
 

doc/src/rust/packages/index.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ packages to be used.
 
 Packages typically contain Rust functions that are callable within a Rhai script.
 All functions registered in a package is loaded under the _global namespace_
-(i.e. they're available without module qualifiers).
+(i.e. they're available without namespace qualifiers).
 
 Once a package is created (e.g. via `Package::new`), it can be _shared_ (via `Package::get`)
 among multiple instances of [`Engine`], even across threads (under [`sync`]).

doc/src/rust/register-raw.md

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ engine.register_raw_fn(
 
         *x += y;                                            // perform the action
 
-        Ok(().into())                                       // must be 'Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>'
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)                                       // must be 'Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>'
     }
 );
 

doc/src/safety/progress.md

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ wrapping this value.
 The termination token is commonly used to provide information on the _reason_ or _source_
 behind the termination decision.
 
-If the termination token is not needed, simply return `Some(().into())` to terminate the script
+If the termination token is not needed, simply return `Some(Dynamic::UNIT)` to terminate the script
 run with [`()`] as the token.
 
 

src/ast.rs

@@ -13,16 +13,12 @@ use crate::INT;
 use crate::FLOAT;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-use crate::engine::Imports;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
-    any::TypeId,
     borrow::Cow,
     boxed::Box,
     collections::HashMap,
@@ -38,6 +34,9 @@ use crate::stdlib::{
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
 use crate::stdlib::collections::HashSet;
 
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_index"), not(feature = "no_object")))]
+use crate::stdlib::cmp::max;
+
 /// A type representing the access mode of a scripted function.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
 pub enum FnAccess {
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ pub struct ScriptFnDef {
     pub lib: Option<Shared<Module>>,
     /// Encapsulated imported modules.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-    pub mods: Imports,
+    pub mods: crate::engine::Imports,
     /// Function name.
     pub name: ImmutableString,
     /// Function access mode.
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for ScriptFnDef {
 /// # Thread Safety
 ///
 /// Currently, `AST` is neither `Send` nor `Sync`. Turn on the `sync` feature to make it `Send + Sync`.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct AST(
     /// Global statements.
     Vec<Stmt>,
@@ -135,20 +134,24 @@ pub struct AST(
     Module,
 );
 
+impl Default for AST {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self(Vec::with_capacity(16), Default::default())
+    }
+}
+
 impl AST {
     /// Create a new `AST`.
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn new(statements: Vec<Stmt>, lib: Module) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(statements: impl IntoIterator<Item = Stmt>, lib: Module) -> Self {
-        Self(statements, lib)
+        Self(statements.into_iter().collect(), lib)
     }
-
     /// Get the statements.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "internals"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn statements(&self) -> &[Stmt] {
         &self.0
     }
-
     /// _[INTERNALS]_ Get the statements.
     /// Exported under the `internals` feature only.
     #[cfg(feature = "internals")]
@@ -157,21 +160,18 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn statements(&self) -> &[Stmt] {
         &self.0
     }
-
     /// Get a mutable reference to the statements.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn statements_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Vec<Stmt> {
         &mut self.0
     }
-
     /// Get the internal `Module` containing all script-defined functions.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "internals"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn lib(&self) -> &Module {
         &self.1
     }
-
     /// _[INTERNALS]_ Get the internal `Module` containing all script-defined functions.
     /// Exported under the `internals` feature only.
     #[cfg(feature = "internals")]
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn lib(&self) -> &Module {
         &self.1
     }
-
     /// Clone the `AST`'s functions into a new `AST`.
     /// No statements are cloned.
     ///
@@ -190,7 +189,6 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn clone_functions_only(&self) -> Self {
         self.clone_functions_only_filtered(|_, _, _| true)
     }
-
     /// Clone the `AST`'s functions into a new `AST` based on a filter predicate.
     /// No statements are cloned.
     ///
@@ -205,14 +203,12 @@ impl AST {
         functions.merge_filtered(&self.1, &mut filter);
         Self(Default::default(), functions)
     }
-
     /// Clone the `AST`'s script statements into a new `AST`.
     /// No functions are cloned.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn clone_statements_only(&self) -> Self {
         Self(self.0.clone(), Default::default())
     }
-
     /// Merge two `AST` into one.  Both `AST`'s are untouched and a new, merged, version
     /// is returned.
     ///
@@ -266,7 +262,6 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn merge(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
         self.merge_filtered(other, |_, _, _| true)
     }
-
     /// Combine one `AST` with another.  The second `AST` is consumed.
     ///
     /// Statements in the second `AST` are simply appended to the end of the first _without any processing_.
@@ -319,7 +314,6 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn combine(&mut self, other: Self) -> &mut Self {
         self.combine_filtered(other, |_, _, _| true)
     }
-
     /// Merge two `AST` into one.  Both `AST`'s are untouched and a new, merged, version
     /// is returned.
     ///
@@ -395,7 +389,6 @@ impl AST {
 
         Self::new(ast, functions)
     }
-
     /// Combine one `AST` with another.  The second `AST` is consumed.
     ///
     /// Statements in the second `AST` are simply appended to the end of the first _without any processing_.
@@ -457,7 +450,6 @@ impl AST {
         functions.merge_filtered(&other.1, &mut filter);
         self
     }
-
     /// Filter out the functions, retaining only some based on a filter predicate.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -486,7 +478,6 @@ impl AST {
     pub fn retain_functions(&mut self, filter: impl FnMut(FnAccess, &str, usize) -> bool) {
         self.1.retain_functions(filter);
     }
-
     /// Iterate through all functions
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -495,14 +486,12 @@ impl AST {
     ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (FnAccess, &str, usize, Shared<ScriptFnDef>)> + 'a {
         self.1.iter_script_fn()
     }
-
     /// Clear all function definitions in the `AST`.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn clear_functions(&mut self) {
         self.1 = Default::default();
     }
-
     /// Clear all statements in the `AST`, leaving only function definitions.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn clear_statements(&mut self) {
@@ -605,7 +594,13 @@ pub enum Stmt {
     /// No-op.
     Noop(Position),
     /// if expr { stmt } else { stmt }
-    IfThenElse(Expr, Box<(Stmt, Option<Stmt>)>, Position),
+    If(Expr, Box<(Stmt, Option<Stmt>)>, Position),
+    /// switch expr { literal or _ => stmt, ... }
+    Switch(
+        Expr,
+        Box<(HashMap<u64, Stmt, StraightHasherBuilder>, Option<Stmt>)>,
+        Position,
+    ),
     /// while expr { stmt }
     While(Expr, Box<Stmt>, Position),
     /// loop { stmt }
@@ -629,7 +624,7 @@ pub enum Stmt {
     /// break
     Break(Position),
     /// return/throw
-    ReturnWithVal((ReturnType, Position), Option<Expr>, Position),
+    Return((ReturnType, Position), Option<Expr>, Position),
     /// import expr as var
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
     Import(Expr, Option<Box<IdentX>>, Position),
@@ -656,7 +651,6 @@ impl Stmt {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Get the `Position` of this statement.
     pub fn position(&self) -> Position {
         match self {
@@ -665,11 +659,12 @@ impl Stmt {
             | Self::Break(pos)
             | Self::Block(_, pos)
             | Self::Assignment(_, pos)
-            | Self::IfThenElse(_, _, pos)
+            | Self::If(_, _, pos)
+            | Self::Switch(_, _, pos)
             | Self::While(_, _, pos)
             | Self::Loop(_, pos)
             | Self::For(_, _, pos)
-            | Self::ReturnWithVal((_, pos), _, _)
+            | Self::Return((_, pos), _, _)
             | Self::Let(_, _, _, pos)
             | Self::Const(_, _, _, pos)
             | Self::TryCatch(_, pos, _) => *pos,
@@ -685,7 +680,6 @@ impl Stmt {
             Self::Share(x) => x.pos,
         }
     }
-
     /// Override the `Position` of this statement.
     pub fn set_position(&mut self, new_pos: Position) -> &mut Self {
         match self {
@@ -694,11 +688,12 @@ impl Stmt {
             | Self::Break(pos)
             | Self::Block(_, pos)
             | Self::Assignment(_, pos)
-            | Self::IfThenElse(_, _, pos)
+            | Self::If(_, _, pos)
+            | Self::Switch(_, _, pos)
             | Self::While(_, _, pos)
             | Self::Loop(_, pos)
             | Self::For(_, _, pos)
-            | Self::ReturnWithVal((_, pos), _, _)
+            | Self::Return((_, pos), _, _)
             | Self::Let(_, _, _, pos)
             | Self::Const(_, _, _, pos)
             | Self::TryCatch(_, pos, _) => *pos = new_pos,
@@ -718,11 +713,11 @@ impl Stmt {
 
         self
     }
-
     /// Is this statement self-terminated (i.e. no need for a semicolon terminator)?
     pub fn is_self_terminated(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
-            Self::IfThenElse(_, _, _)
+            Self::If(_, _, _)
+            | Self::Switch(_, _, _)
             | Self::While(_, _, _)
             | Self::Loop(_, _)
             | Self::For(_, _, _)
@@ -738,7 +733,7 @@ impl Stmt {
             | Self::Expr(_)
             | Self::Continue(_)
             | Self::Break(_)
-            | Self::ReturnWithVal(_, _, _) => false,
+            | Self::Return(_, _, _) => false,
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
             Self::Import(_, _, _) | Self::Export(_, _) => false,
@@ -747,22 +742,27 @@ impl Stmt {
             Self::Share(_) => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Is this statement _pure_?
     pub fn is_pure(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
             Self::Noop(_) => true,
             Self::Expr(expr) => expr.is_pure(),
-            Self::IfThenElse(condition, x, _) if x.1.is_some() => {
+            Self::If(condition, x, _) => {
-                condition.is_pure() && x.0.is_pure() && x.1.as_ref().unwrap().is_pure()
+                condition.is_pure()
+                    && x.0.is_pure()
+                    && x.1.as_ref().map(Stmt::is_pure).unwrap_or(true)
+            }
+            Self::Switch(expr, x, _) => {
+                expr.is_pure()
+                    && x.0.values().all(Stmt::is_pure)
+                    && x.1.as_ref().map(Stmt::is_pure).unwrap_or(true)
             }
-            Self::IfThenElse(condition, x, _) => condition.is_pure() && x.0.is_pure(),
             Self::While(condition, block, _) => condition.is_pure() && block.is_pure(),
             Self::Loop(block, _) => block.is_pure(),
             Self::For(iterable, x, _) => iterable.is_pure() && x.1.is_pure(),
             Self::Let(_, _, _, _) | Self::Const(_, _, _, _) | Self::Assignment(_, _) => false,
             Self::Block(block, _) => block.iter().all(|stmt| stmt.is_pure()),
-            Self::Continue(_) | Self::Break(_) | Self::ReturnWithVal(_, _, _) => false,
+            Self::Continue(_) | Self::Break(_) | Self::Return(_, _, _) => false,
             Self::TryCatch(x, _, _) => x.0.is_pure() && x.2.is_pure(),
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
@@ -860,6 +860,10 @@ pub struct FnCallExpr {
 /// This type is volatile and may change.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum Expr {
+    /// Dynamic constant.
+    /// Used to hold either an Array or Map literal for quick cloning.
+    /// All other primitive data types should use the appropriate variants for better speed.
+    DynamicConstant(Box<Dynamic>, Position),
     /// Integer constant.
     IntegerConstant(INT, Position),
     /// Floating-point constant.
@@ -895,15 +899,6 @@ pub enum Expr {
     Dot(Box<BinaryExpr>, Position),
     /// expr[expr]
     Index(Box<BinaryExpr>, Position),
-    /// switch expr { literal or _ => stmt, ... }
-    Switch(
-        Box<(
-            Expr,
-            HashMap<u64, Stmt, StraightHasherBuilder>,
-            Option<Stmt>,
-        )>,
-        Position,
-    ),
     /// lhs in rhs
     In(Box<BinaryExpr>, Position),
     /// lhs && rhs
@@ -922,34 +917,6 @@ impl Default for Expr {
 }
 
 impl Expr {
-    /// Get the type of an expression.
-    ///
-    /// Returns `None` if the expression's result type is not constant.
-    pub fn get_type_id(&self) -> Option<TypeId> {
-        Some(match self {
-            Self::Expr(x) => return x.get_type_id(),
-
-            Self::IntegerConstant(_, _) => TypeId::of::<INT>(),
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
-            Self::FloatConstant(_, _) => TypeId::of::<FLOAT>(),
-            Self::CharConstant(_, _) => TypeId::of::<char>(),
-            Self::StringConstant(_, _) => TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>(),
-            Self::FnPointer(_, _) => TypeId::of::<FnPtr>(),
-            Self::True(_) | Self::False(_) | Self::In(_, _) | Self::And(_, _) | Self::Or(_, _) => {
-                TypeId::of::<bool>()
-            }
-            Self::Unit(_) => TypeId::of::<()>(),
-
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-            Self::Array(_, _) => TypeId::of::<Array>(),
-
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-            Self::Map(_, _) => TypeId::of::<Map>(),
-
-            _ => return None,
-        })
-    }
-
     /// Get the `Dynamic` value of a constant expression.
     ///
     /// Returns `None` if the expression is not constant.
@@ -957,6 +924,7 @@ impl Expr {
         Some(match self {
             Self::Expr(x) => return x.get_constant_value(),
 
+            Self::DynamicConstant(x, _) => x.as_ref().clone(),
             Self::IntegerConstant(x, _) => (*x).into(),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Self::FloatConstant(x, _) => (*x).into(),
@@ -971,23 +939,25 @@ impl Expr {
             Self::Unit(_) => ().into(),
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-            Self::Array(x, _) if x.iter().all(Self::is_constant) => Dynamic(Union::Array(
+            Self::Array(x, _) if self.is_constant() => {
-                Box::new(x.iter().map(|v| v.get_constant_value().unwrap()).collect()),
+                let mut arr = Array::with_capacity(max(crate::engine::TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, x.len()));
-            )),
+                arr.extend(x.iter().map(|v| v.get_constant_value().unwrap()));
+                Dynamic(Union::Array(Box::new(arr)))
+            }
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-            Self::Map(x, _) if x.iter().all(|(_, v)| v.is_constant()) => {
+            Self::Map(x, _) if self.is_constant() => {
-                Dynamic(Union::Map(Box::new(
+                let mut map = Map::with_capacity(max(crate::engine::TYPICAL_MAP_SIZE, x.len()));
+                map.extend(
                     x.iter()
-                        .map(|(k, v)| (k.name.clone(), v.get_constant_value().unwrap()))
+                        .map(|(k, v)| (k.name.clone(), v.get_constant_value().unwrap())),
-                        .collect(),
+                );
-                )))
+                Dynamic(Union::Map(Box::new(map)))
             }
 
             _ => return None,
         })
     }
-
     /// Is the expression a simple variable access?
     pub(crate) fn get_variable_access(&self, non_qualified: bool) -> Option<&str> {
         match self {
@@ -995,7 +965,6 @@ impl Expr {
             _ => None,
         }
     }
-
     /// Get the `Position` of the expression.
     pub fn position(&self) -> Position {
         match self {
@@ -1004,6 +973,7 @@ impl Expr {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Self::FloatConstant(_, pos) => *pos,
 
+            Self::DynamicConstant(_, pos) => *pos,
             Self::IntegerConstant(_, pos) => *pos,
             Self::CharConstant(_, pos) => *pos,
             Self::StringConstant(_, pos) => *pos,
@@ -1014,7 +984,6 @@ impl Expr {
             Self::Stmt(_, pos) => *pos,
             Self::Variable(x) => (x.3).pos,
             Self::FnCall(_, pos) => *pos,
-            Self::Switch(_, pos) => *pos,
 
             Self::And(x, _) | Self::Or(x, _) | Self::In(x, _) => x.lhs.position(),
 
@@ -1025,7 +994,6 @@ impl Expr {
             Self::Custom(_, pos) => *pos,
         }
     }
-
     /// Override the `Position` of the expression.
     pub fn set_position(&mut self, new_pos: Position) -> &mut Self {
         match self {
@@ -1036,6 +1004,7 @@ impl Expr {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Self::FloatConstant(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
 
+            Self::DynamicConstant(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::IntegerConstant(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::CharConstant(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::StringConstant(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
@@ -1046,7 +1015,6 @@ impl Expr {
             Self::Property(x) => (x.1).pos = new_pos,
             Self::Stmt(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::FnCall(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
-            Self::Switch(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::And(_, pos) | Self::Or(_, pos) | Self::In(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::True(pos) | Self::False(pos) | Self::Unit(pos) => *pos = new_pos,
             Self::Dot(_, pos) | Self::Index(_, pos) => *pos = new_pos,
@@ -1055,7 +1023,6 @@ impl Expr {
 
         self
     }
-
     /// Is the expression pure?
     ///
     /// A pure expression has no side effects.
@@ -1078,7 +1045,6 @@ impl Expr {
             _ => self.is_constant(),
         }
     }
-
     /// Is the expression the unit `()` literal?
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn is_unit(&self) -> bool {
@@ -1087,7 +1053,6 @@ impl Expr {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Is the expression a constant?
     pub fn is_constant(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
@@ -1096,7 +1061,8 @@ impl Expr {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Self::FloatConstant(_, _) => true,
 
-            Self::IntegerConstant(_, _)
+            Self::DynamicConstant(_, _)
+            | Self::IntegerConstant(_, _)
             | Self::CharConstant(_, _)
             | Self::StringConstant(_, _)
             | Self::FnPointer(_, _)
@@ -1120,7 +1086,6 @@ impl Expr {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Is a particular token allowed as a postfix operator to this expression?
     pub fn is_valid_postfix(&self, token: &Token) -> bool {
         match self {
@@ -1129,7 +1094,8 @@ impl Expr {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Self::FloatConstant(_, _) => false,
 
-            Self::IntegerConstant(_, _)
+            Self::DynamicConstant(_, _)
+            | Self::IntegerConstant(_, _)
             | Self::CharConstant(_, _)
             | Self::FnPointer(_, _)
             | Self::In(_, _)
@@ -1142,7 +1108,6 @@ impl Expr {
             Self::StringConstant(_, _)
             | Self::Stmt(_, _)
             | Self::FnCall(_, _)
-            | Self::Switch(_, _)
             | Self::Dot(_, _)
             | Self::Index(_, _)
             | Self::Array(_, _)

src/dynamic.rs

@@ -3,43 +3,27 @@
 use crate::fn_native::{FnPtr, SendSync};
 use crate::r#unsafe::{unsafe_cast_box, unsafe_try_cast};
 use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
-use crate::{StaticVec, INT};
+use crate::INT;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-use crate::fn_native::{shared_try_take, Locked, Shared};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
 use crate::FLOAT;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
     any::{type_name, Any, TypeId},
     boxed::Box,
     fmt,
     hash::{Hash, Hasher},
+    mem,
     ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
     string::{String, ToString},
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-#[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
-use crate::stdlib::cell::{Ref, RefMut};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-#[cfg(feature = "sync")]
-use crate::stdlib::sync::{RwLockReadGuard, RwLockWriteGuard};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::stdlib::collections::HashMap;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::stdlib::vec::Vec;
-
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
 #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 use crate::stdlib::time::Instant;
@@ -164,7 +148,7 @@ pub enum Union {
     Variant(Box<Box<dyn Variant>>),
 
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-    Shared(Shared<Locked<Dynamic>>),
+    Shared(crate::Shared<crate::Locked<Dynamic>>),
 }
 
 /// Underlying `Variant` read guard for `Dynamic`.
@@ -183,11 +167,11 @@ enum DynamicReadLockInner<'d, T: Variant + Clone> {
     /// A read guard to a shared `RefCell`.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
-    Guard(Ref<'d, Dynamic>),
+    Guard(crate::stdlib::cell::Ref<'d, Dynamic>),
     /// A read guard to a shared `RwLock`.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
     #[cfg(feature = "sync")]
-    Guard(RwLockReadGuard<'d, Dynamic>),
+    Guard(crate::stdlib::sync::RwLockReadGuard<'d, Dynamic>),
 }
 
 impl<'d, T: Variant + Clone> Deref for DynamicReadLock<'d, T> {
@@ -220,11 +204,11 @@ enum DynamicWriteLockInner<'d, T: Variant + Clone> {
     /// A write guard to a shared `RefCell`.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
-    Guard(RefMut<'d, Dynamic>),
+    Guard(crate::stdlib::cell::RefMut<'d, Dynamic>),
     /// A write guard to a shared `RwLock`.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
     #[cfg(feature = "sync")]
-    Guard(RwLockWriteGuard<'d, Dynamic>),
+    Guard(crate::stdlib::sync::RwLockWriteGuard<'d, Dynamic>),
 }
 
 impl<'d, T: Variant + Clone> Deref for DynamicWriteLock<'d, T> {
@@ -263,7 +247,6 @@ impl Dynamic {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Does this `Dynamic` hold a shared data type
     /// instead of one of the supported system primitive types?
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -274,7 +257,6 @@ impl Dynamic {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Is the value held by this `Dynamic` a particular type?
     ///
     /// If the `Dynamic` is a Shared variant checking is performed on
@@ -289,7 +271,6 @@ impl Dynamic {
 
         self.type_id() == target_type_id
     }
-
     /// Get the TypeId of the value held by this `Dynamic`.
     ///
     /// # Panics or Deadlocks When Value is Shared
@@ -323,7 +304,6 @@ impl Dynamic {
             Union::Shared(cell) => (*cell.read().unwrap()).type_id(),
         }
     }
-
     /// Get the name of the type of the value held by this `Dynamic`.
     ///
     /// # Panics or Deadlocks When Value is Shared
@@ -364,6 +344,8 @@ impl Dynamic {
 
 impl Hash for Dynamic {
     fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        mem::discriminant(self).hash(state);
+
         match &self.0 {
             Union::Unit(_) => ().hash(state),
             Union::Bool(value) => value.hash(state),
@@ -371,20 +353,17 @@ impl Hash for Dynamic {
             Union::Char(ch) => ch.hash(state),
             Union::Int(i) => i.hash(state),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
-            Union::Float(f) => {
+            Union::Float(f) => f.to_le_bytes().hash(state),
-                TypeId::of::<FLOAT>().hash(state);
-                state.write(&f.to_le_bytes());
-            }
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-            Union::Array(a) => a.hash(state),
+            Union::Array(a) => (**a).hash(state),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
             Union::Map(m) => {
-                let mut buf: StaticVec<_> = m.keys().collect();
+                let mut buf: crate::StaticVec<_> = m.iter().collect();
-                buf.sort();
+                buf.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
 
-                buf.into_iter().for_each(|key| {
+                buf.into_iter().for_each(|(key, value)| {
                     key.hash(state);
-                    m[key].hash(state);
+                    value.hash(state);
                 })
             }
 
@@ -536,11 +515,33 @@ impl Clone for Dynamic {
 impl Default for Dynamic {
     #[inline(always)]
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self(Union::Unit(()))
+        Self::UNIT
     }
 }
 
 impl Dynamic {
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing a `()`.
+    pub const UNIT: Dynamic = Self(Union::Unit(()));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing a `true`.
+    pub const TRUE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Bool(true));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing a `false`.
+    pub const FALSE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Bool(false));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the integer zero.
+    pub const ZERO: Dynamic = Self(Union::Int(0));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the integer one.
+    pub const ONE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Int(1));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the integer negative one.
+    pub const NEGATIVE_ONE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Int(-1));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the floating-point zero.
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
+    pub const FLOAT_ZERO: Dynamic = Self(Union::Float(0.0));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the floating-point one.
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
+    pub const FLOAT_ONE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Float(1.0));
+    /// A `Dynamic` containing the floating-point negative one.
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
+    pub const FLOAT_NEGATIVE_ONE: Dynamic = Self(Union::Float(-1.0));
+
     /// Create a `Dynamic` from any type.  A `Dynamic` value is simply returned as is.
     ///
     /// # Safety
@@ -676,7 +677,7 @@ impl Dynamic {
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
         return match self.0 {
             Union::Shared(..) => self,
-            _ => Self(Union::Shared(Locked::new(self).into())),
+            _ => Self(Union::Shared(crate::Locked::new(self).into())),
         };
 
         #[cfg(feature = "no_closure")]
@@ -884,7 +885,7 @@ impl Dynamic {
     pub fn flatten(self) -> Self {
         match self.0 {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-            Union::Shared(cell) => shared_try_take(cell).map_or_else(
+            Union::Shared(cell) => crate::fn_native::shared_try_take(cell).map_or_else(
                 |cell| {
                     #[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
                     return cell.borrow().clone();
@@ -1294,9 +1295,9 @@ impl<S: Into<ImmutableString>> From<S> for Dynamic {
     }
 }
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-impl<T: Variant + Clone> From<Vec<T>> for Dynamic {
+impl<T: Variant + Clone> From<crate::stdlib::vec::Vec<T>> for Dynamic {
     #[inline(always)]
-    fn from(value: Vec<T>) -> Self {
+    fn from(value: crate::stdlib::vec::Vec<T>) -> Self {
         Self(Union::Array(Box::new(
             value.into_iter().map(Dynamic::from).collect(),
         )))
@@ -1312,9 +1313,11 @@ impl<T: Variant + Clone> From<&[T]> for Dynamic {
     }
 }
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-impl<K: Into<ImmutableString>, T: Variant + Clone> From<HashMap<K, T>> for Dynamic {
+impl<K: Into<ImmutableString>, T: Variant + Clone> From<crate::stdlib::collections::HashMap<K, T>>
+    for Dynamic
+{
     #[inline(always)]
-    fn from(value: HashMap<K, T>) -> Self {
+    fn from(value: crate::stdlib::collections::HashMap<K, T>) -> Self {
         Self(Union::Map(Box::new(
             value
                 .into_iter()

src/engine.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 //! Main module defining the script evaluation `Engine`.
 
-use crate::ast::{BinaryExpr, Expr, FnCallExpr, Ident, IdentX, ReturnType, Stmt};
+use crate::ast::{Expr, FnCallExpr, Ident, IdentX, ReturnType, Stmt};
 use crate::dynamic::{map_std_type_name, Dynamic, Union, Variant};
 use crate::fn_call::run_builtin_op_assignment;
-use crate::fn_native::{Callback, FnPtr, OnVarCallback, Shared};
+use crate::fn_native::{CallableFunction, Callback, FnPtr, IteratorFn, OnVarCallback, Shared};
 use crate::module::{Module, NamespaceRef};
 use crate::optimize::OptimizationLevel;
 use crate::packages::{Package, PackagesCollection, StandardPackage};
@@ -12,29 +12,11 @@ use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
 use crate::scope::{EntryType as ScopeEntryType, Scope};
 use crate::syntax::CustomSyntax;
 use crate::token::{Position, NO_POS};
-use crate::utils::get_hasher;
+use crate::utils::{get_hasher, ImmutableString};
 use crate::{calc_native_fn_hash, StaticVec};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::INT;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-use crate::{fn_native::shared_take_or_clone, module::ModuleResolver};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
-use crate::module::resolvers;
-
-#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_object"), not(feature = "no_module")))]
-use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::dynamic::DynamicWriteLock;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{
-    any::type_name,
+    any::{type_name, TypeId},
     borrow::Cow,
     boxed::Box,
     collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
@@ -44,20 +26,16 @@ use crate::stdlib::{
     num::NonZeroUsize,
     ops::DerefMut,
     string::{String, ToString},
-    vec::Vec,
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::stdlib::any::TypeId;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-use crate::stdlib::mem;
-
 /// Variable-sized array of `Dynamic` values.
 ///
 /// Not available under the `no_index` feature.
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-pub type Array = Vec<Dynamic>;
+pub type Array = crate::stdlib::vec::Vec<Dynamic>;
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+pub const TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE: usize = 8; // Small arrays are typical
 
 /// Hash map of `Dynamic` values with `ImmutableString` keys.
 ///
@@ -65,6 +43,9 @@ pub type Array = Vec<Dynamic>;
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
 pub type Map = HashMap<ImmutableString, Dynamic>;
 
+#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+pub const TYPICAL_MAP_SIZE: usize = 8; // Small maps are typical
+
 /// _[INTERNALS]_ A stack of imported modules.
 /// Exported under the `internals` feature only.
 ///
@@ -77,7 +58,7 @@ pub type Map = HashMap<ImmutableString, Dynamic>;
 // We cannot use &str or Cow<str> here because `eval` may load a module and the module name will live beyond
 // the AST of the eval script text. The best we can do is a shared reference.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
-pub struct Imports(StaticVec<(ImmutableString, Shared<Module>)>);
+pub struct Imports(StaticVec<(ImmutableString, bool, Shared<Module>)>);
 
 impl Imports {
     /// Get the length of this stack of imported modules.
@@ -90,7 +71,7 @@ impl Imports {
     }
     /// Get the imported module at a particular index.
     pub fn get(&self, index: usize) -> Option<Shared<Module>> {
-        self.0.get(index).map(|(_, m)| m).cloned()
+        self.0.get(index).map(|(_, _, m)| m).cloned()
     }
     /// Get the index of an imported module by name.
     pub fn find(&self, name: &str) -> Option<usize> {
@@ -98,12 +79,21 @@ impl Imports {
             .iter()
             .enumerate()
             .rev()
-            .find(|(_, (key, _))| key.as_str() == name)
+            .find(|(_, (key, _, _))| key.as_str() == name)
             .map(|(index, _)| index)
     }
     /// Push an imported module onto the stack.
     pub fn push(&mut self, name: impl Into<ImmutableString>, module: impl Into<Shared<Module>>) {
-        self.0.push((name.into(), module.into()));
+        self.0.push((name.into(), false, module.into()));
+    }
+    /// Push a fixed module onto the stack.
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
+    pub(crate) fn push_fixed(
+        &mut self,
+        name: impl Into<ImmutableString>,
+        module: impl Into<Shared<Module>>,
+    ) {
+        self.0.push((name.into(), true, module.into()));
     }
     /// Truncate the stack of imported modules to a particular length.
     pub fn truncate(&mut self, size: usize) {
@@ -111,26 +101,59 @@ impl Imports {
     }
     /// Get an iterator to this stack of imported modules.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&str, Shared<Module>)> {
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&str, bool, Shared<Module>)> {
         self.0
             .iter()
-            .map(|(name, module)| (name.as_str(), module.clone()))
+            .map(|(name, fixed, module)| (name.as_str(), *fixed, module.clone()))
     }
     /// Get an iterator to this stack of imported modules.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub(crate) fn iter_raw<'a>(
         &'a self,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, Shared<Module>)> + 'a {
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, bool, Shared<Module>)> + 'a {
         self.0.iter().cloned()
     }
     /// Get a consuming iterator to this stack of imported modules.
-    pub fn into_iter(self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, Shared<Module>)> {
+    pub fn into_iter(self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, bool, Shared<Module>)> {
         self.0.into_iter()
     }
     /// Add a stream of imported modules.
-    pub fn extend(&mut self, stream: impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, Shared<Module>)>) {
+    pub fn extend(
+        &mut self,
+        stream: impl Iterator<Item = (ImmutableString, bool, Shared<Module>)>,
+    ) {
         self.0.extend(stream)
     }
+    /// Does the specified function hash key exist in this stack of imported modules?
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub fn contains_fn(&self, hash: u64) -> bool {
+        self.0
+            .iter()
+            .any(|(_, fixed, m)| *fixed && m.contains_qualified_fn(hash))
+    }
+    /// Get specified function via its hash key.
+    pub fn get_fn(&self, hash: u64) -> Option<&CallableFunction> {
+        self.0
+            .iter()
+            .rev()
+            .filter(|&&(_, fixed, _)| fixed)
+            .find_map(|(_, _, m)| m.get_qualified_fn(hash))
+    }
+    /// Does the specified TypeId iterator exist in this stack of imported modules?
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub fn contains_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> bool {
+        self.0
+            .iter()
+            .any(|(_, fixed, m)| *fixed && m.contains_qualified_iter(id))
+    }
+    /// Get the specified TypeId iterator.
+    pub fn get_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> Option<IteratorFn> {
+        self.0
+            .iter()
+            .rev()
+            .filter(|&&(_, fixed, _)| fixed)
+            .find_map(|(_, _, m)| m.get_qualified_iter(id))
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
@@ -178,6 +201,7 @@ pub const FN_IDX_GET: &str = "index$get$";
 pub const FN_IDX_SET: &str = "index$set$";
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
 pub const FN_ANONYMOUS: &str = "anon$";
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_index"), not(feature = "no_object")))]
 pub const OP_EQUALS: &str = "==";
 pub const MARKER_EXPR: &str = "$expr$";
 pub const MARKER_BLOCK: &str = "$block$";
@@ -251,7 +275,7 @@ pub enum Target<'a> {
     /// It holds both the access guard and the original shared value.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-    LockGuard((DynamicWriteLock<'a, Dynamic>, Dynamic)),
+    LockGuard((crate::dynamic::DynamicWriteLock<'a, Dynamic>, Dynamic)),
     /// The target is a temporary `Dynamic` value (i.e. the mutation can cause no side effects).
     Value(Dynamic),
     /// The target is a character inside a String.
@@ -338,18 +362,10 @@ impl<'a> Target<'a> {
             _ => None,
         }
     }
-    /// Get a mutable reference from the `Target`.
+    /// Convert a shared or reference `Target` into a target with an owned value.
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Dynamic {
+    pub fn into_owned(self) -> Target<'static> {
-        match self {
+        self.take_or_clone().into()
-            Self::Ref(r) => *r,
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-            Self::LockGuard((r, _)) => r.deref_mut(),
-            Self::Value(ref mut r) => r,
-            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-            Self::StringChar(_, _, ref mut r) => r,
-        }
     }
     /// Propagate a changed value back to the original source.
     /// This has no effect except for string indexing.
@@ -420,6 +436,36 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a mut Dynamic> for Target<'a> {
     }
 }
 
+impl AsRef<Dynamic> for Target<'_> {
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Dynamic {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ref(r) => *r,
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+            Self::LockGuard((r, _)) => &**r,
+            Self::Value(ref r) => r,
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+            Self::StringChar(_, _, ref r) => r,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsMut<Dynamic> for Target<'_> {
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Dynamic {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ref(r) => *r,
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+            Self::LockGuard((r, _)) => r.deref_mut(),
+            Self::Value(ref mut r) => r,
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+            Self::StringChar(_, _, ref mut r) => r,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T: Into<Dynamic>> From<T> for Target<'_> {
     #[inline(always)]
     fn from(value: T) -> Self {
@@ -566,17 +612,19 @@ pub struct Engine {
     pub(crate) global_module: Module,
     /// A collection of all library packages loaded into the Engine.
     pub(crate) packages: PackagesCollection,
+    /// A collection of all sub-modules directly loaded into the Engine.
+    pub(crate) global_sub_modules: Imports,
 
     /// A module resolution service.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-    pub(crate) module_resolver: Option<Box<dyn ModuleResolver>>,
+    pub(crate) module_resolver: Option<Box<dyn crate::ModuleResolver>>,
 
     /// A hashmap mapping type names to pretty-print names.
     pub(crate) type_names: HashMap<String, String>,
 
     /// A hashset containing symbols to disable.
     pub(crate) disabled_symbols: HashSet<String>,
-    /// A hashset containing custom keywords and precedence to recognize.
+    /// A hashmap containing custom keywords and precedence to recognize.
     pub(crate) custom_keywords: HashMap<String, Option<u8>>,
     /// Custom syntax.
     pub(crate) custom_syntax: HashMap<ImmutableString, CustomSyntax>,
@@ -681,11 +729,12 @@ impl Engine {
 
             packages: Default::default(),
             global_module: Default::default(),
+            global_sub_modules: Default::default(),
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
             #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
-            module_resolver: Some(Box::new(resolvers::FileModuleResolver::new())),
+            module_resolver: Some(Box::new(crate::module::resolvers::FileModuleResolver::new())),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
             #[cfg(any(feature = "no_std", target_arch = "wasm32",))]
             module_resolver: None,
@@ -743,6 +792,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
             packages: Default::default(),
             global_module: Default::default(),
+            global_sub_modules: Default::default(),
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
             module_resolver: None,
@@ -919,6 +969,8 @@ impl Engine {
         // Pop the last index value
         let idx_val = idx_values.pop().unwrap();
 
+        let target_val = target.as_mut();
+
         match chain_type {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
             ChainType::Index => {
@@ -930,7 +982,8 @@ impl Engine {
                         let idx_pos = x.lhs.position();
                         let idx_val = idx_val.as_value();
                         let obj_ptr = &mut self.get_indexed_mut(
-                            mods, state, lib, target, idx_val, idx_pos, false, true, level,
+                            mods, state, lib, target_val, idx_val, idx_pos, false, is_ref, true,
+                            level,
                         )?;
 
                         self.eval_dot_index_chain_helper(
@@ -946,7 +999,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
                         // `call_setter` is introduced to bypass double mutable borrowing of target
                         let _call_setter = match self.get_indexed_mut(
-                            mods, state, lib, target, idx_val, pos, true, false, level,
+                            mods, state, lib, target_val, idx_val, pos, true, is_ref, false, level,
                         ) {
                             // Indexed value is a reference - update directly
                             Ok(ref mut obj_ptr) => {
@@ -964,9 +1017,8 @@ impl Engine {
 
                         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
                         if let Some(mut new_val) = _call_setter {
-                            let val = target.as_mut();
+                            let val_type_name = target_val.type_name();
-                            let val_type_name = val.type_name();
+                            let args = &mut [target_val, &mut idx_val2, &mut new_val.0];
-                            let args = &mut [val, &mut idx_val2, &mut new_val.0];
 
                             self.exec_fn_call(
                                 mods, state, lib, FN_IDX_SET, 0, args, is_ref, true, false, None,
@@ -991,7 +1043,7 @@ impl Engine {
                     _ => {
                         let idx_val = idx_val.as_value();
                         self.get_indexed_mut(
-                            mods, state, lib, target, idx_val, pos, false, true, level,
+                            mods, state, lib, target_val, idx_val, pos, false, is_ref, true, level,
                         )
                         .map(|v| (v.take_or_clone(), false))
                     }
@@ -1021,22 +1073,22 @@ impl Engine {
                     // xxx.module::fn_name(...) - syntax error
                     Expr::FnCall(_, _) => unreachable!(),
                     // {xxx:map}.id = ???
-                    Expr::Property(x) if target.is::<Map>() && new_val.is_some() => {
+                    Expr::Property(x) if target_val.is::<Map>() && new_val.is_some() => {
                         let IdentX { name, pos } = &x.1;
                         let index = name.clone().into();
                         let mut val = self.get_indexed_mut(
-                            mods, state, lib, target, index, *pos, true, false, level,
+                            mods, state, lib, target_val, index, *pos, true, is_ref, false, level,
                         )?;
 
                         val.set_value(new_val.unwrap())?;
                         Ok((Default::default(), true))
                     }
                     // {xxx:map}.id
-                    Expr::Property(x) if target.is::<Map>() => {
+                    Expr::Property(x) if target_val.is::<Map>() => {
                         let IdentX { name, pos } = &x.1;
                         let index = name.clone().into();
                         let val = self.get_indexed_mut(
-                            mods, state, lib, target, index, *pos, false, false, level,
+                            mods, state, lib, target_val, index, *pos, false, is_ref, false, level,
                         )?;
 
                         Ok((val.take_or_clone(), false))
@@ -1045,7 +1097,7 @@ impl Engine {
                     Expr::Property(x) if new_val.is_some() => {
                         let ((_, setter), IdentX { pos, .. }) = x.as_ref();
                         let mut new_val = new_val;
-                        let mut args = [target.as_mut(), &mut new_val.as_mut().unwrap().0];
+                        let mut args = [target_val, &mut new_val.as_mut().unwrap().0];
                         self.exec_fn_call(
                             mods, state, lib, setter, 0, &mut args, is_ref, true, false, None,
                             None, level,
@@ -1056,7 +1108,7 @@ impl Engine {
                     // xxx.id
                     Expr::Property(x) => {
                         let ((getter, _), IdentX { pos, .. }) = x.as_ref();
-                        let mut args = [target.as_mut()];
+                        let mut args = [target_val];
                         self.exec_fn_call(
                             mods, state, lib, getter, 0, &mut args, is_ref, true, false, None,
                             None, level,
@@ -1065,13 +1117,14 @@ impl Engine {
                         .map_err(|err| err.fill_position(*pos))
                     }
                     // {xxx:map}.sub_lhs[expr] | {xxx:map}.sub_lhs.expr
-                    Expr::Index(x, x_pos) | Expr::Dot(x, x_pos) if target.is::<Map>() => {
+                    Expr::Index(x, x_pos) | Expr::Dot(x, x_pos) if target_val.is::<Map>() => {
                         let mut val = match &x.lhs {
                             Expr::Property(p) => {
                                 let IdentX { name, pos } = &p.1;
                                 let index = name.clone().into();
                                 self.get_indexed_mut(
-                                    mods, state, lib, target, index, *pos, false, true, level,
+                                    mods, state, lib, target_val, index, *pos, false, is_ref, true,
+                                    level,
                                 )?
                             }
                             // {xxx:map}.fn_name(arg_expr_list)[expr] | {xxx:map}.fn_name(arg_expr_list).expr
@@ -1111,7 +1164,7 @@ impl Engine {
                             // xxx.prop[expr] | xxx.prop.expr
                             Expr::Property(p) => {
                                 let ((getter, setter), IdentX { pos, .. }) = p.as_ref();
-                                let arg_values = &mut [target.as_mut(), &mut Default::default()];
+                                let arg_values = &mut [target_val, &mut Default::default()];
                                 let args = &mut arg_values[..1];
                                 let (mut val, updated) = self
                                     .exec_fn_call(
@@ -1212,7 +1265,7 @@ impl Engine {
         level: usize,
         new_val: Option<(Dynamic, Position)>,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let (BinaryExpr { lhs, rhs }, chain_type, op_pos) = match expr {
+        let (crate::ast::BinaryExpr { lhs, rhs }, chain_type, op_pos) = match expr {
             Expr::Index(x, pos) => (x.as_ref(), ChainType::Index, *pos),
             Expr::Dot(x, pos) => (x.as_ref(), ChainType::Dot, *pos),
             _ => unreachable!(),
@@ -1314,7 +1367,7 @@ impl Engine {
             Expr::FnCall(_, _) => unreachable!(),
             Expr::Property(_) => idx_values.push(IndexChainValue::None),
             Expr::Index(x, _) | Expr::Dot(x, _) => {
-                let BinaryExpr { lhs, rhs, .. } = x.as_ref();
+                let crate::ast::BinaryExpr { lhs, rhs, .. } = x.as_ref();
 
                 // Evaluate in left-to-right order
                 let lhs_val = match lhs {
@@ -1358,32 +1411,28 @@ impl Engine {
     /// Get the value at the indexed position of a base type
     /// Position in `EvalAltResult` may be None and should be set afterwards.
     #[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_index"), not(feature = "no_object")))]
-    fn get_indexed_mut<'a>(
+    fn get_indexed_mut<'t>(
         &self,
         _mods: &mut Imports,
         state: &mut State,
         _lib: &[&Module],
-        target: &'a mut Target,
+        target: &'t mut Dynamic,
         idx: Dynamic,
         idx_pos: Position,
         _create: bool,
+        _is_ref: bool,
         _indexers: bool,
         _level: usize,
-    ) -> Result<Target<'a>, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+    ) -> Result<Target<'t>, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.inc_operations(state)?;
 
-        #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+        match target {
-        let is_ref = target.is_ref();
-
-        let val = target.as_mut();
-
-        match val {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
             Dynamic(Union::Array(arr)) => {
                 // val_array[idx]
                 let index = idx
                     .as_int()
-                    .map_err(|err| self.make_type_mismatch_err::<INT>(err, idx_pos))?;
+                    .map_err(|err| self.make_type_mismatch_err::<crate::INT>(err, idx_pos))?;
 
                 let arr_len = arr.len();
 
@@ -1424,14 +1473,14 @@ impl Engine {
                 let chars_len = s.chars().count();
                 let index = idx
                     .as_int()
-                    .map_err(|err| self.make_type_mismatch_err::<INT>(err, idx_pos))?;
+                    .map_err(|err| self.make_type_mismatch_err::<crate::INT>(err, idx_pos))?;
 
                 if index >= 0 {
                     let offset = index as usize;
                     let ch = s.chars().nth(offset).ok_or_else(|| {
                         EvalAltResult::ErrorStringBounds(chars_len, index, idx_pos)
                     })?;
-                    Ok(Target::StringChar(val, offset, ch.into()))
+                    Ok(Target::StringChar(target, offset, ch.into()))
                 } else {
                     EvalAltResult::ErrorStringBounds(chars_len, index, idx_pos).into()
                 }
@@ -1439,11 +1488,11 @@ impl Engine {
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
             _ if _indexers => {
-                let type_name = val.type_name();
+                let type_name = target.type_name();
                 let mut idx = idx;
-                let args = &mut [val, &mut idx];
+                let args = &mut [target, &mut idx];
                 self.exec_fn_call(
-                    _mods, state, _lib, FN_IDX_GET, 0, args, is_ref, true, false, None, None,
+                    _mods, state, _lib, FN_IDX_GET, 0, args, _is_ref, true, false, None, None,
                     _level,
                 )
                 .map(|(v, _)| v.into())
@@ -1455,10 +1504,11 @@ impl Engine {
                 })
             }
 
-            _ => {
+            _ => EvalAltResult::ErrorIndexingType(
-                EvalAltResult::ErrorIndexingType(self.map_type_name(val.type_name()).into(), NO_POS)
+                self.map_type_name(target.type_name()).into(),
-                    .into()
+                NO_POS,
-            }
+            )
+            .into(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1526,6 +1576,119 @@ impl Engine {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Get a `Target` from an expression.
+    pub(crate) fn eval_expr_as_target<'s>(
+        &self,
+        scope: &'s mut Scope,
+        mods: &mut Imports,
+        state: &mut State,
+        lib: &[&Module],
+        this_ptr: &'s mut Option<&mut Dynamic>,
+        expr: &Expr,
+        no_const: bool,
+        level: usize,
+    ) -> Result<(Target<'s>, Position), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+        match expr {
+            // var - point directly to the value
+            Expr::Variable(_) => {
+                let (target, _, typ, pos) =
+                    self.search_namespace(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr)?;
+
+                Ok((
+                    match typ {
+                        // If necessary, constants are cloned
+                        ScopeEntryType::Constant if no_const => target.into_owned(),
+                        _ => target,
+                    },
+                    pos,
+                ))
+            }
+            // var[...]
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+            Expr::Index(x, _) if x.lhs.get_variable_access(false).is_some() => match x.rhs {
+                Expr::Property(_) => unreachable!(),
+                // var[...]...
+                Expr::FnCall(_, _) | Expr::Index(_, _) | Expr::Dot(_, _) => self
+                    .eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)
+                    .map(|v| (v.into(), expr.position())),
+                // var[expr] - point directly to the item
+                _ => {
+                    let idx = self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &x.rhs, level)?;
+                    let idx_pos = x.rhs.position();
+                    let (mut target, pos) = self.eval_expr_as_target(
+                        scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &x.lhs, no_const, level,
+                    )?;
+
+                    let is_ref = target.is_ref();
+
+                    if target.is_shared() || target.is_value() {
+                        let target_ref = target.as_mut();
+                        self.get_indexed_mut(
+                            mods, state, lib, target_ref, idx, idx_pos, false, is_ref, true, level,
+                        )
+                        .map(Target::into_owned)
+                    } else {
+                        let target_ref = target.take_ref().unwrap();
+                        self.get_indexed_mut(
+                            mods, state, lib, target_ref, idx, idx_pos, false, is_ref, true, level,
+                        )
+                    }
+                    .map(|v| (v, pos))
+                }
+            },
+            // var.prop
+            #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+            Expr::Dot(x, _) if x.lhs.get_variable_access(false).is_some() => match x.rhs {
+                Expr::Variable(_) => unreachable!(),
+                // var.prop
+                Expr::Property(ref p) => {
+                    let (mut target, _) = self.eval_expr_as_target(
+                        scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &x.lhs, no_const, level,
+                    )?;
+                    let is_ref = target.is_ref();
+
+                    if target.is::<Map>() {
+                        // map.prop - point directly to the item
+                        let (_, IdentX { name, pos }) = p.as_ref();
+                        let idx = name.clone().into();
+
+                        if target.is_shared() || target.is_value() {
+                            let target_ref = target.as_mut();
+                            self.get_indexed_mut(
+                                mods, state, lib, target_ref, idx, *pos, false, is_ref, true, level,
+                            )
+                            .map(Target::into_owned)
+                        } else {
+                            let target_ref = target.take_ref().unwrap();
+                            self.get_indexed_mut(
+                                mods, state, lib, target_ref, idx, *pos, false, is_ref, true, level,
+                            )
+                        }
+                        .map(|v| (v, *pos))
+                    } else {
+                        // var.prop - call property getter
+                        let ((getter, _), IdentX { pos, .. }) = p.as_ref();
+                        let mut args = [target.as_mut()];
+                        self.exec_fn_call(
+                            mods, state, lib, getter, 0, &mut args, is_ref, true, false, None,
+                            None, level,
+                        )
+                        .map(|(v, _)| (v.into(), *pos))
+                        .map_err(|err| err.fill_position(*pos))
+                    }
+                }
+                // var.???
+                _ => self
+                    .eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)
+                    .map(|v| (v.into(), expr.position())),
+            },
+            // expr
+            _ => self
+                .eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)
+                .map(|v| (v.into(), expr.position())),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Evaluate an expression
     pub(crate) fn eval_expr(
         &self,
@@ -1543,6 +1706,7 @@ impl Engine {
         let result = match expr {
             Expr::Expr(x) => self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, x, level),
 
+            Expr::DynamicConstant(x, _) => Ok(x.as_ref().clone()),
             Expr::IntegerConstant(x, _) => Ok((*x).into()),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
             Expr::FloatConstant(x, _) => Ok((*x).into()),
@@ -1581,21 +1745,27 @@ impl Engine {
             }
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-            Expr::Array(x, _) => Ok(Dynamic(Union::Array(Box::new(
+            Expr::Array(x, _) => {
-                x.iter()
+                let mut arr =
-                    .map(|item| self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, item, level))
+                    Array::with_capacity(crate::stdlib::cmp::max(TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, x.len()));
-                    .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
+                for item in x.as_ref() {
-            )))),
+                    arr.push(self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, item, level)?);
+                }
+                Ok(Dynamic(Union::Array(Box::new(arr))))
+            }
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-            Expr::Map(x, _) => Ok(Dynamic(Union::Map(Box::new(
+            Expr::Map(x, _) => {
-                x.iter()
+                let mut map =
-                    .map(|(key, expr)| {
+                    Map::with_capacity(crate::stdlib::cmp::max(TYPICAL_MAP_SIZE, x.len()));
-                        self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)
+                for (IdentX { name: key, .. }, expr) in x.as_ref() {
-                            .map(|val| (key.name.clone(), val))
+                    map.insert(
-                    })
+                        key.clone(),
-                    .collect::<Result<HashMap<_, _>, _>>()?,
+                        self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)?,
-            )))),
+                    );
+                }
+                Ok(Dynamic(Union::Map(Box::new(map))))
+            }
 
             // Normal function call
             Expr::FnCall(x, pos) if x.namespace.is_none() => {
@@ -1666,26 +1836,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
             Expr::True(_) => Ok(true.into()),
             Expr::False(_) => Ok(false.into()),
-            Expr::Unit(_) => Ok(().into()),
+            Expr::Unit(_) => Ok(Dynamic::UNIT),
-
-            Expr::Switch(x, _) => {
-                let (match_expr, table, def_stmt) = x.as_ref();
-
-                let match_item =
-                    self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, match_expr, level)?;
-
-                let hasher = &mut get_hasher();
-                match_item.hash(hasher);
-                let hash = hasher.finish();
-
-                if let Some(stmt) = table.get(&hash) {
-                    self.eval_stmt(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, stmt, level)
-                } else if let Some(def_stmt) = def_stmt {
-                    self.eval_stmt(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, def_stmt, level)
-                } else {
-                    Ok(().into())
-                }
-            }
 
             Expr::Custom(custom, _) => {
                 let expressions = custom
@@ -1814,7 +1965,8 @@ impl Engine {
                         match self
                             .global_module
                             .get_fn(hash_fn, false)
-                            .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_fn, false))
+                            .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_fn))
+                            .or_else(|| mods.get_fn(hash_fn))
                         {
                             // op= function registered as method
                             Some(func) if func.is_method() => {
@@ -1832,9 +1984,10 @@ impl Engine {
 
                                 // Overriding exact implementation
                                 if func.is_plugin_fn() {
-                                    func.get_plugin_fn().call((self, mods, lib).into(), args)?;
+                                    func.get_plugin_fn()
+                                        .call((self, &*mods, lib).into(), args)?;
                                 } else {
-                                    func.get_native_fn()((self, mods, lib).into(), args)?;
+                                    func.get_native_fn()((self, &*mods, lib).into(), args)?;
                                 }
                             }
                             // Built-in op-assignment function
@@ -1926,8 +2079,8 @@ impl Engine {
                 self.eval_statements(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, statements, level)
             }
 
-            // If-else statement
+            // If statement
-            Stmt::IfThenElse(expr, x, _) => {
+            Stmt::If(expr, x, _) => {
                 let (if_block, else_block) = x.as_ref();
                 self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)?
                     .as_bool()
@@ -1943,6 +2096,28 @@ impl Engine {
                     })
             }
 
+            // Switch statement
+            Stmt::Switch(match_expr, x, _) => {
+                let (table, def_stmt) = x.as_ref();
+
+                let hasher = &mut get_hasher();
+                self.eval_expr_as_target(
+                    scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, match_expr, false, level,
+                )?
+                .0
+                .as_ref()
+                .hash(hasher);
+                let hash = hasher.finish();
+
+                if let Some(stmt) = table.get(&hash) {
+                    self.eval_stmt(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, stmt, level)
+                } else if let Some(def_stmt) = def_stmt {
+                    self.eval_stmt(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, def_stmt, level)
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
+                }
+            }
+
             // While loop
             Stmt::While(expr, body, _) => loop {
                 match self
@@ -1987,7 +2162,8 @@ impl Engine {
                 let func = self
                     .global_module
                     .get_iter(iter_type)
-                    .or_else(|| self.packages.get_iter(iter_type));
+                    .or_else(|| self.packages.get_iter(iter_type))
+                    .or_else(|| mods.get_iter(iter_type));
 
                 if let Some(func) = func {
                     // Add the loop variable
@@ -2094,25 +2270,25 @@ impl Engine {
             }
 
             // Return value
-            Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Return, pos), Some(expr), _) => EvalAltResult::Return(
+            Stmt::Return((ReturnType::Return, pos), Some(expr), _) => EvalAltResult::Return(
                 self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)?,
                 *pos,
             )
             .into(),
 
             // Empty return
-            Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Return, pos), None, _) => {
+            Stmt::Return((ReturnType::Return, pos), None, _) => {
                 EvalAltResult::Return(Default::default(), *pos).into()
             }
 
             // Throw value
-            Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Exception, pos), Some(expr), _) => {
+            Stmt::Return((ReturnType::Exception, pos), Some(expr), _) => {
                 let val = self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level)?;
                 EvalAltResult::ErrorRuntime(val, *pos).into()
             }
 
             // Empty throw
-            Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Exception, pos), None, _) => {
+            Stmt::Return((ReturnType::Exception, pos), None, _) => {
                 EvalAltResult::ErrorRuntime(().into(), *pos).into()
             }
 
@@ -2172,7 +2348,7 @@ impl Engine {
                         if let Some(name_def) = alias {
                             if !module.is_indexed() {
                                 // Index the module (making a clone copy if necessary) if it is not indexed
-                                let mut module = shared_take_or_clone(module);
+                                let mut module = crate::fn_native::shared_take_or_clone(module);
                                 module.build_index();
                                 mods.push(name_def.name.clone(), module);
                             } else {
@@ -2219,7 +2395,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
                         if !val.is_shared() {
                             // Replace the variable with a shared value.
-                            *val = mem::take(val).into_shared();
+                            *val = crate::stdlib::mem::take(val).into_shared();
                         }
                     }
                     _ => (),

src/engine_api.rs

@@ -8,30 +8,14 @@ use crate::optimize::OptimizationLevel;
 use crate::parse_error::ParseError;
 use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
 use crate::scope::Scope;
-use crate::token::{Position, NO_POS};
+use crate::token::NO_POS;
 use crate::utils::get_hasher;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::{
+use crate::Array;
-    engine::{Array, FN_IDX_GET, FN_IDX_SET},
-    utils::ImmutableString,
-};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::{
+use crate::Map;
-    engine::{make_getter, make_setter, Map},
-    parse_error::ParseErrorType,
-    token::Token,
-};
-
-#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_index"), not(feature = "no_object")))]
-use crate::fn_register::{RegisterFn, RegisterResultFn};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::{fn_args::FuncArgs, fn_call::ensure_no_data_race, module::Module, StaticVec};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
-use crate::optimize::optimize_into_ast;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
     any::{type_name, TypeId},
@@ -40,9 +24,6 @@ use crate::stdlib::{
     string::String,
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
-use crate::stdlib::mem;
-
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
 #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 use crate::stdlib::{fs::File, io::prelude::*, path::PathBuf};
@@ -84,7 +65,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.global_module.set_raw_fn(name, arg_types, func);
         self
     }
-
     /// Register a custom type for use with the `Engine`.
     /// The type must implement `Clone`.
     ///
@@ -126,7 +106,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn register_type<T: Variant + Clone>(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
         self.register_type_with_name::<T>(type_name::<T>())
     }
-
     /// Register a custom type for use with the `Engine`, with a pretty-print name
     /// for the `type_of` function. The type must implement `Clone`.
     ///
@@ -177,7 +156,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.type_names.insert(type_name::<T>().into(), name.into());
         self
     }
-
     /// Register an iterator adapter for an iterable type with the `Engine`.
     /// This is an advanced feature.
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -189,7 +167,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.global_module.set_iterable::<T>();
         self
     }
-
     /// Register a getter function for a member of a registered type with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// The function signature must start with `&mut self` and not `&self`.
@@ -236,9 +213,8 @@ impl Engine {
         T: Variant + Clone,
         U: Variant + Clone,
     {
-        self.register_fn(&make_getter(name), callback)
+        crate::RegisterFn::register_fn(self, &crate::engine::make_getter(name), callback)
     }
-
     /// Register a getter function for a member of a registered type with the `Engine`.
     /// Returns `Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>`.
     ///
@@ -284,9 +260,12 @@ impl Engine {
         name: &str,
         callback: impl Fn(&mut T) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> + SendSync + 'static,
     ) -> &mut Self {
-        self.register_result_fn(&make_getter(name), callback)
+        crate::RegisterResultFn::register_result_fn(
+            self,
+            &crate::engine::make_getter(name),
+            callback,
+        )
     }
-
     /// Register a setter function for a member of a registered type with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -334,9 +313,8 @@ impl Engine {
         T: Variant + Clone,
         U: Variant + Clone,
     {
-        self.register_fn(&make_setter(name), callback)
+        crate::RegisterFn::register_fn(self, &crate::engine::make_setter(name), callback)
     }
-
     /// Register a setter function for a member of a registered type with the `Engine`.
     /// Returns `Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>>`.
     ///
@@ -388,11 +366,12 @@ impl Engine {
         T: Variant + Clone,
         U: Variant + Clone,
     {
-        self.register_result_fn(&make_setter(name), move |obj: &mut T, value: U| {
+        crate::RegisterResultFn::register_result_fn(
-            callback(obj, value).map(Into::into)
+            self,
-        })
+            &crate::engine::make_setter(name),
+            move |obj: &mut T, value: U| callback(obj, value).map(Into::into),
+        )
     }
-
     /// Short-hand for registering both getter and setter functions
     /// of a registered type with the `Engine`.
     ///
@@ -445,7 +424,6 @@ impl Engine {
     {
         self.register_get(name, get_fn).register_set(name, set_fn)
     }
-
     /// Register an index getter for a custom type with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// The function signature must start with `&mut self` and not `&self`.
@@ -507,14 +485,13 @@ impl Engine {
         }
         if TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<String>()
             || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<&str>()
-            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()
+            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<crate::ImmutableString>()
         {
             panic!("Cannot register indexer for strings.");
         }
 
-        self.register_fn(FN_IDX_GET, callback)
+        crate::RegisterFn::register_fn(self, crate::engine::FN_IDX_GET, callback)
     }
-
     /// Register an index getter for a custom type with the `Engine`.
     /// Returns `Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>`.
     ///
@@ -578,14 +555,13 @@ impl Engine {
         }
         if TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<String>()
             || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<&str>()
-            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()
+            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<crate::ImmutableString>()
         {
             panic!("Cannot register indexer for strings.");
         }
 
-        self.register_result_fn(FN_IDX_GET, callback)
+        crate::RegisterResultFn::register_result_fn(self, crate::engine::FN_IDX_GET, callback)
     }
-
     /// Register an index setter for a custom type with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// # Panics
@@ -647,14 +623,13 @@ impl Engine {
         }
         if TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<String>()
             || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<&str>()
-            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()
+            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<crate::ImmutableString>()
         {
             panic!("Cannot register indexer for strings.");
         }
 
-        self.register_fn(FN_IDX_SET, callback)
+        crate::RegisterFn::register_fn(self, crate::engine::FN_IDX_SET, callback)
     }
-
     /// Register an index setter for a custom type with the `Engine`.
     /// Returns `Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>>`.
     ///
@@ -720,16 +695,17 @@ impl Engine {
         }
         if TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<String>()
             || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<&str>()
-            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()
+            || TypeId::of::<T>() == TypeId::of::<crate::ImmutableString>()
         {
             panic!("Cannot register indexer for strings.");
         }
 
-        self.register_result_fn(FN_IDX_SET, move |obj: &mut T, index: X, value: U| {
+        crate::RegisterResultFn::register_result_fn(
-            callback(obj, index, value).map(Into::into)
+            self,
-        })
+            crate::engine::FN_IDX_SET,
+            move |obj: &mut T, index: X, value: U| callback(obj, index, value).map(Into::into),
+        )
     }
-
     /// Short-hand for register both index getter and setter functions for a custom type with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// # Panics
@@ -785,7 +761,45 @@ impl Engine {
         self.register_indexer_get(getter)
             .register_indexer_set(setter)
     }
+    /// Register a `Module` as a sub-module with the `Engine`.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<rhai::EvalAltResult>> {
+    /// use rhai::{Engine, Module};
+    ///
+    /// let mut engine = Engine::new();
+    ///
+    /// // Create the module
+    /// let mut module = Module::new();
+    /// module.set_fn_1("calc", |x: i64| Ok(x + 1));
+    ///
+    /// // Register the module as a sub-module
+    /// engine.register_module("CalcService", module);
+    ///
+    /// assert_eq!(engine.eval::<i64>("CalcService::calc(41)")?, 42);
+    /// # Ok(())
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
+    pub fn register_module(
+        &mut self,
+        name: impl Into<crate::ImmutableString>,
+        module: impl Into<crate::Shared<crate::Module>>,
+    ) -> &mut Self {
+        let module = module.into();
 
+        if !module.is_indexed() {
+            // Index the module (making a clone copy if necessary) if it is not indexed
+            let mut module = crate::fn_native::shared_take_or_clone(module);
+            module.build_index();
+            self.global_sub_modules.push_fixed(name, module);
+        } else {
+            self.global_sub_modules.push_fixed(name, module);
+        }
+        self
+    }
     /// Compile a string into an `AST`, which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -809,7 +823,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn compile(&self, script: &str) -> Result<AST, ParseError> {
         self.compile_with_scope(&Default::default(), script)
     }
-
     /// Compile a string into an `AST` using own scope, which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
     /// The scope is useful for passing constants into the script for optimization
@@ -852,7 +865,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn compile_with_scope(&self, scope: &Scope, script: &str) -> Result<AST, ParseError> {
         self.compile_scripts_with_scope(scope, &[script])
     }
-
     /// When passed a list of strings, first join the strings into one large script,
     /// and then compile them into an `AST` using own scope, which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
@@ -907,7 +919,6 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<AST, ParseError> {
         self.compile_with_scope_and_optimization_level(scope, scripts, self.optimization_level)
     }
-
     /// Join a list of strings and compile into an `AST` using own scope at a specific optimization level.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn compile_with_scope_and_optimization_level(
@@ -920,7 +931,6 @@ impl Engine {
         let stream = self.lex(scripts, None);
         self.parse(hash, &mut stream.peekable(), scope, optimization_level)
     }
-
     /// Read the contents of a file into a string.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
     #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
@@ -944,7 +954,6 @@ impl Engine {
 
         Ok(contents)
     }
-
     /// Compile a script file into an `AST`, which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -971,7 +980,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn compile_file(&self, path: PathBuf) -> Result<AST, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.compile_file_with_scope(&Default::default(), path)
     }
-
     /// Compile a script file into an `AST` using own scope, which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
     /// The scope is useful for passing constants into the script for optimization
@@ -1013,7 +1021,6 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<AST, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         Self::read_file(path).and_then(|contents| Ok(self.compile_with_scope(scope, &contents)?))
     }
-
     /// Parse a JSON string into a map.
     ///
     /// The JSON string must be an object hash.  It cannot be a simple JavaScript primitive.
@@ -1054,6 +1061,8 @@ impl Engine {
     /// ```
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
     pub fn parse_json(&self, json: &str, has_null: bool) -> Result<Map, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+        use crate::token::{Position, Token};
+
         let mut scope = Default::default();
 
         // Trims the JSON string and add a '#' in front
@@ -1063,7 +1072,7 @@ impl Engine {
         } else if json_text.starts_with(Token::LeftBrace.syntax().as_ref()) {
             ["#", json_text]
         } else {
-            return Err(ParseErrorType::MissingToken(
+            return Err(crate::ParseErrorType::MissingToken(
                 Token::LeftBrace.syntax().into(),
                 "to start a JSON object hash".into(),
             )
@@ -1098,7 +1107,6 @@ impl Engine {
 
         self.eval_ast_with_scope(&mut scope, &ast)
     }
-
     /// Compile a string containing an expression into an `AST`,
     /// which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
@@ -1123,7 +1131,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn compile_expression(&self, script: &str) -> Result<AST, ParseError> {
         self.compile_expression_with_scope(&Default::default(), script)
     }
-
     /// Compile a string containing an expression into an `AST` using own scope,
     /// which can be used later for evaluation.
     ///
@@ -1176,7 +1183,6 @@ impl Engine {
         let mut peekable = stream.peekable();
         self.parse_global_expr(hash, &mut peekable, scope, self.optimization_level)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a script file.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1198,7 +1204,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn eval_file<T: Variant + Clone>(&self, path: PathBuf) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         Self::read_file(path).and_then(|contents| self.eval::<T>(&contents))
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a script file with own scope.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1228,7 +1233,6 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         Self::read_file(path).and_then(|contents| self.eval_with_scope::<T>(scope, &contents))
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1247,7 +1251,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn eval<T: Variant + Clone>(&self, script: &str) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.eval_with_scope(&mut Default::default(), script)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string with own scope.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1283,7 +1286,6 @@ impl Engine {
         )?;
         self.eval_ast_with_scope(scope, &ast)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string containing an expression.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1305,7 +1307,6 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.eval_expression_with_scope(&mut Default::default(), script)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string containing an expression with own scope.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1340,7 +1341,6 @@ impl Engine {
 
         self.eval_ast_with_scope(scope, &ast)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate an `AST`.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1363,7 +1363,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn eval_ast<T: Variant + Clone>(&self, ast: &AST) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.eval_ast_with_scope(&mut Default::default(), ast)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate an `AST` with own scope.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1399,7 +1398,8 @@ impl Engine {
         scope: &mut Scope,
         ast: &AST,
     ) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut mods = Default::default();
+        let mut mods = self.global_sub_modules.clone();
+
         let (result, _) = self.eval_ast_with_scope_raw(scope, &mut mods, ast)?;
 
         let typ = self.map_type_name(result.type_name());
@@ -1413,7 +1413,6 @@ impl Engine {
             .into()
         });
     }
-
     /// Evaluate an `AST` with own scope.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn eval_ast_with_scope_raw<'a>(
@@ -1424,7 +1423,6 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<(Dynamic, u64), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.eval_statements_raw(scope, mods, ast.statements(), &[ast.lib()])
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a file, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
@@ -1433,7 +1431,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn consume_file(&self, path: PathBuf) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         Self::read_file(path).and_then(|contents| self.consume(&contents))
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a file with own scope, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_std"))]
@@ -1446,14 +1443,12 @@ impl Engine {
     ) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         Self::read_file(path).and_then(|contents| self.consume_with_scope(scope, &contents))
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn consume(&self, script: &str) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.consume_with_scope(&mut Default::default(), script)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate a string with own scope, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[inline]
@@ -1468,14 +1463,12 @@ impl Engine {
         let ast = self.parse(hash, &mut stream.peekable(), scope, self.optimization_level)?;
         self.consume_ast_with_scope(scope, &ast)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate an AST, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn consume_ast(&self, ast: &AST) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         self.consume_ast_with_scope(&mut Default::default(), ast)
     }
-
     /// Evaluate an `AST` with own scope, but throw away the result and only return error (if any).
     /// Useful for when you don't need the result, but still need to keep track of possible errors.
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -1484,11 +1477,11 @@ impl Engine {
         scope: &mut Scope,
         ast: &AST,
     ) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut mods = Default::default();
+        let mut mods = self.global_sub_modules.clone();
+
         self.eval_statements_raw(scope, &mut mods, ast.statements(), &[ast.lib()])
             .map(|_| ())
     }
-
     /// Call a script function defined in an `AST` with multiple arguments.
     /// Arguments are passed as a tuple.
     ///
@@ -1527,7 +1520,7 @@ impl Engine {
     /// ```
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
     #[inline]
-    pub fn call_fn<A: FuncArgs, T: Variant + Clone>(
+    pub fn call_fn<A: crate::fn_args::FuncArgs, T: Variant + Clone>(
         &self,
         scope: &mut Scope,
         ast: &AST,
@@ -1535,7 +1528,7 @@ impl Engine {
         args: A,
     ) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         let mut arg_values = args.into_vec();
-        let mut args: StaticVec<_> = arg_values.as_mut().iter_mut().collect();
+        let mut args: crate::StaticVec<_> = arg_values.as_mut().iter_mut().collect();
 
         let result =
             self.call_fn_dynamic_raw(scope, &[ast.lib()], name, &mut None, args.as_mut())?;
@@ -1551,7 +1544,6 @@ impl Engine {
             .into()
         });
     }
-
     /// Call a script function defined in an `AST` with multiple `Dynamic` arguments
     /// and optionally a value for binding to the 'this' pointer.
     ///
@@ -1606,16 +1598,15 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn call_fn_dynamic(
         &self,
         scope: &mut Scope,
-        lib: impl AsRef<Module>,
+        lib: impl AsRef<crate::Module>,
         name: &str,
         mut this_ptr: Option<&mut Dynamic>,
         mut arg_values: impl AsMut<[Dynamic]>,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut args: StaticVec<_> = arg_values.as_mut().iter_mut().collect();
+        let mut args: crate::StaticVec<_> = arg_values.as_mut().iter_mut().collect();
 
         self.call_fn_dynamic_raw(scope, &[lib.as_ref()], name, &mut this_ptr, args.as_mut())
     }
-
     /// Call a script function defined in an `AST` with multiple `Dynamic` arguments.
     ///
     /// ## WARNING
@@ -1629,7 +1620,7 @@ impl Engine {
     pub(crate) fn call_fn_dynamic_raw(
         &self,
         scope: &mut Scope,
-        lib: &[&Module],
+        lib: &[&crate::Module],
         name: &str,
         this_ptr: &mut Option<&mut Dynamic>,
         args: &mut FnCallArgs,
@@ -1640,16 +1631,15 @@ impl Engine {
             .ok_or_else(|| EvalAltResult::ErrorFunctionNotFound(name.into(), NO_POS))?;
 
         let mut state = Default::default();
-        let mut mods = Default::default();
+        let mut mods = self.global_sub_modules.clone();
 
         // Check for data race.
         if cfg!(not(feature = "no_closure")) {
-            ensure_no_data_race(name, args, false)?;
+            crate::fn_call::ensure_no_data_race(name, args, false)?;
         }
 
         self.call_script_fn(scope, &mut mods, &mut state, lib, this_ptr, fn_def, args, 0)
     }
-
     /// Optimize the `AST` with constants defined in an external Scope.
     /// An optimized copy of the `AST` is returned while the original `AST` is consumed.
     ///
@@ -1680,10 +1670,9 @@ impl Engine {
         #[cfg(feature = "no_function")]
         let lib = Default::default();
 
-        let stmt = mem::take(ast.statements_mut());
+        let stmt = crate::stdlib::mem::take(ast.statements_mut());
-        optimize_into_ast(self, scope, stmt, lib, optimization_level)
+        crate::optimize::optimize_into_ast(self, scope, stmt, lib, optimization_level)
     }
-
     /// Provide a callback that will be invoked before each variable access.
     ///
     /// ## Return Value of Callback
@@ -1726,7 +1715,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.resolve_var = Some(Box::new(callback));
         self
     }
-
     /// Register a callback for script evaluation progress.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1769,7 +1757,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.progress = Some(Box::new(callback));
         self
     }
-
     /// Override default action of `print` (print to stdout using `println!`)
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -1799,7 +1786,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.print = Box::new(callback);
         self
     }
-
     /// Override default action of `debug` (print to stdout using `println!`)
     ///
     /// # Example

src/engine_settings.rs

@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@ use crate::engine::Engine;
 use crate::packages::PackageLibrary;
 use crate::token::{is_valid_identifier, Token};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-use crate::module::ModuleResolver;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
-use crate::optimize::OptimizationLevel;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{format, string::String};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
@@ -23,31 +17,30 @@ impl Engine {
     /// In other words, loaded packages are searched in reverse order.
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn load_package(&mut self, package: impl Into<PackageLibrary>) -> &mut Self {
-        // Push the package to the top - packages are searched in reverse order
+        self.packages.add(package.into());
-        self.packages.push(package.into());
         self
     }
-
     /// Control whether and how the `Engine` will optimize an AST after compilation.
     ///
     /// Not available under the `no_optimize` feature.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn set_optimization_level(&mut self, optimization_level: OptimizationLevel) -> &mut Self {
+    pub fn set_optimization_level(
+        &mut self,
+        optimization_level: crate::OptimizationLevel,
+    ) -> &mut Self {
         self.optimization_level = optimization_level;
         self
     }
-
     /// The current optimization level.
     /// It controls whether and how the `Engine` will optimize an AST after compilation.
     ///
     /// Not available under the `no_optimize` feature.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_optimize"))]
     #[inline(always)]
-    pub fn optimization_level(&self) -> OptimizationLevel {
+    pub fn optimization_level(&self) -> crate::OptimizationLevel {
         self.optimization_level
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum levels of function calls allowed for a script in order to avoid
     /// infinite recursion and stack overflows.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
@@ -56,14 +49,12 @@ impl Engine {
         self.limits.max_call_stack_depth = levels;
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum levels of function calls allowed for a script.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn max_call_levels(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_call_stack_depth
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum number of operations allowed for a script to run to avoid
     /// consuming too much resources (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
@@ -76,14 +67,12 @@ impl Engine {
         };
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum number of operations allowed for a script to run (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn max_operations(&self) -> u64 {
         self.limits.max_operations
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum number of imported modules allowed for a script.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
@@ -92,7 +81,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.limits.max_modules = modules;
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum number of imported modules allowed for a script.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
@@ -100,7 +88,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn max_modules(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_modules
     }
-
     /// Set the depth limits for expressions (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -124,14 +111,12 @@ impl Engine {
         }
         self
     }
-
     /// The depth limit for expressions (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn max_expr_depth(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_expr_depth
     }
-
     /// The depth limit for expressions in functions (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
@@ -139,7 +124,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn max_function_expr_depth(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_function_expr_depth
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum length of strings (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
@@ -147,14 +131,12 @@ impl Engine {
         self.limits.max_string_size = if max_size == usize::MAX { 0 } else { max_size };
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum length of strings (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn max_string_size(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_string_size
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum length of arrays (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
@@ -163,7 +145,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.limits.max_array_size = if max_size == usize::MAX { 0 } else { max_size };
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum length of arrays (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
@@ -171,7 +152,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn max_array_size(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_array_size
     }
-
     /// Set the maximum length of object maps (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
@@ -180,7 +160,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.limits.max_map_size = if max_size == usize::MAX { 0 } else { max_size };
         self
     }
-
     /// The maximum length of object maps (0 for unlimited).
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
@@ -188,7 +167,6 @@ impl Engine {
     pub fn max_map_size(&self) -> usize {
         self.limits.max_map_size
     }
-
     /// Set the module resolution service used by the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// Not available under the `no_module` feature.
@@ -196,12 +174,11 @@ impl Engine {
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn set_module_resolver(
         &mut self,
-        resolver: Option<impl ModuleResolver + 'static>,
+        resolver: Option<impl crate::ModuleResolver + 'static>,
     ) -> &mut Self {
-        self.module_resolver = resolver.map(|f| Box::new(f) as Box<dyn ModuleResolver>);
+        self.module_resolver = resolver.map(|f| Box::new(f) as Box<dyn crate::ModuleResolver>);
         self
     }
-
     /// Disable a particular keyword or operator in the language.
     ///
     /// # Examples
@@ -243,7 +220,6 @@ impl Engine {
         self.disabled_symbols.insert(symbol.into());
         self
     }
-
     /// Register a custom operator into the language.
     ///
     /// The operator must be a valid identifier (i.e. it cannot be a symbol).

src/fn_call.rs

@@ -12,29 +12,17 @@ use crate::module::{Module, NamespaceRef};
 use crate::optimize::OptimizationLevel;
 use crate::parse_error::ParseErrorType;
 use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
-use crate::scope::Scope;
+use crate::scope::{EntryType as ScopeEntryType, Scope};
 use crate::stdlib::ops::Deref;
 use crate::token::NO_POS;
 use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::{calc_native_fn_hash, calc_script_fn_hash, StaticVec, INT};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::{
-    ast::ScriptFnDef, r#unsafe::unsafe_cast_var_name_to_lifetime,
-    scope::EntryType as ScopeEntryType,
-};
-
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
 use crate::FLOAT;
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::{FN_IDX_GET, FN_IDX_SET};
-
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::{Map, Target, FN_GET, FN_SET};
+use crate::Map;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-use crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
     any::{type_name, TypeId},
@@ -47,9 +35,6 @@ use crate::stdlib::{
     vec::Vec,
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::stdlib::borrow::Cow;
-
 #[cfg(feature = "no_std")]
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
 use num_traits::float::Float;
@@ -58,8 +43,8 @@ use num_traits::float::Float;
 #[inline(always)]
 fn extract_prop_from_getter(_fn_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-    if _fn_name.starts_with(FN_GET) {
+    if _fn_name.starts_with(crate::engine::FN_GET) {
-        return Some(&_fn_name[FN_GET.len()..]);
+        return Some(&_fn_name[crate::engine::FN_GET.len()..]);
     }
 
     None
@@ -69,8 +54,8 @@ fn extract_prop_from_getter(_fn_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
 #[inline(always)]
 fn extract_prop_from_setter(_fn_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-    if _fn_name.starts_with(FN_SET) {
+    if _fn_name.starts_with(crate::engine::FN_SET) {
-        return Some(&_fn_name[FN_SET.len()..]);
+        return Some(&_fn_name[crate::engine::FN_SET.len()..]);
     }
 
     None
@@ -178,7 +163,7 @@ impl Engine {
     /// **DO NOT** reuse the argument values unless for the first `&mut` argument - all others are silently replaced by `()`!
     pub(crate) fn call_native_fn(
         &self,
-        mods: &mut Imports,
+        mods: &Imports,
         state: &mut State,
         lib: &[&Module],
         fn_name: &str,
@@ -195,7 +180,8 @@ impl Engine {
         // Then search packages
         let func = //lib.get_fn(hash_fn, pub_only)
             self.global_module.get_fn(hash_fn, pub_only)
-                .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_fn, pub_only));
+                .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_fn))
+                .or_else(|| mods.get_fn(hash_fn));
 
         if let Some(func) = func {
             assert!(func.is_native());
@@ -286,7 +272,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         // index getter function not found?
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-        if fn_name == FN_IDX_GET && args.len() == 2 {
+        if fn_name == crate::engine::FN_IDX_GET && args.len() == 2 {
             return EvalAltResult::ErrorFunctionNotFound(
                 format!(
                     "{} [{}]",
@@ -300,7 +286,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         // index setter function not found?
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-        if fn_name == FN_IDX_SET {
+        if fn_name == crate::engine::FN_IDX_SET {
             return EvalAltResult::ErrorFunctionNotFound(
                 format!(
                     "{} [{}]=",
@@ -347,7 +333,7 @@ impl Engine {
         state: &mut State,
         lib: &[&Module],
         this_ptr: &mut Option<&mut Dynamic>,
-        fn_def: &ScriptFnDef,
+        fn_def: &crate::ast::ScriptFnDef,
         args: &mut FnCallArgs,
         level: usize,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
@@ -374,7 +360,8 @@ impl Engine {
                 .iter()
                 .zip(args.iter_mut().map(|v| mem::take(*v)))
                 .map(|(name, value)| {
-                    let var_name: Cow<'_, str> = unsafe_cast_var_name_to_lifetime(name).into();
+                    let var_name: crate::stdlib::borrow::Cow<'_, str> =
+                        crate::r#unsafe::unsafe_cast_var_name_to_lifetime(name).into();
                     (var_name, ScopeEntryType::Normal, value)
                 }),
         );
@@ -431,6 +418,7 @@ impl Engine {
     #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn has_override_by_name_and_arguments(
         &self,
+        mods: &Imports,
         lib: &[&Module],
         fn_name: &str,
         arg_types: impl AsRef<[TypeId]>,
@@ -440,13 +428,14 @@ impl Engine {
         let hash_fn = calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), fn_name, arg_types.iter().cloned());
         let hash_script = calc_script_fn_hash(empty(), fn_name, arg_types.len());
 
-        self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only)
+        self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only)
     }
 
     // Has a system function an override?
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn has_override(
         &self,
+        mods: &Imports,
         lib: &[&Module],
         hash_fn: u64,
         hash_script: u64,
@@ -459,10 +448,13 @@ impl Engine {
             //|| lib.iter().any(|&m| m.contains_fn(hash_fn, pub_only))
             // Then check registered functions
             //|| self.global_module.contains_fn(hash_script, pub_only)
-            || self.global_module.contains_fn(hash_fn, pub_only)
+            || self.global_module.contains_fn(hash_fn, false)
             // Then check packages
-            || self.packages.contains_fn(hash_script, pub_only)
+            || self.packages.contains_fn(hash_script)
-            || self.packages.contains_fn(hash_fn, pub_only)
+            || self.packages.contains_fn(hash_fn)
+            // Then check imported modules
+            || mods.contains_fn(hash_script)
+            || mods.contains_fn(hash_fn)
     }
 
     /// Perform an actual function call, native Rust or scripted, taking care of special functions.
@@ -500,7 +492,8 @@ impl Engine {
         match fn_name {
             // type_of
             KEYWORD_TYPE_OF
-                if args.len() == 1 && !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) =>
+                if args.len() == 1
+                    && !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) =>
             {
                 Ok((
                     self.map_type_name(args[0].type_name()).to_string().into(),
@@ -511,7 +504,8 @@ impl Engine {
             // Fn/eval - reaching this point it must be a method-style call, mostly like redirected
             //           by a function pointer so it isn't caught at parse time.
             KEYWORD_FN_PTR | KEYWORD_EVAL
-                if args.len() == 1 && !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) =>
+                if args.len() == 1
+                    && !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) =>
             {
                 EvalAltResult::ErrorRuntime(
                     format!(
@@ -526,16 +520,14 @@ impl Engine {
 
             // Script-like function found
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-            _ if lib.iter().any(|&m| m.contains_fn(hash_script, pub_only))
+            _ if self.has_override(mods, lib, 0, hash_script, pub_only) => {
-                //|| self.global_module.contains_fn(hash_script, pub_only)
-                || self.packages.contains_fn(hash_script, pub_only) =>
-            {
                 // Get function
                 let func = lib
                     .iter()
                     .find_map(|&m| m.get_fn(hash_script, pub_only))
                     //.or_else(|| self.global_module.get_fn(hash_script, pub_only))
-                    .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_script, pub_only))
+                    .or_else(|| self.packages.get_fn(hash_script))
+                    //.or_else(|| mods.get_fn(hash_script))
                     .unwrap();
 
                 if func.is_script() {
@@ -654,7 +646,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         let script = script.trim();
         if script.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(().into());
+            return Ok(Dynamic::UNIT);
         }
 
         // Check for stack overflow
@@ -696,7 +688,7 @@ impl Engine {
         lib: &[&Module],
         fn_name: &str,
         hash_script: u64,
-        target: &mut Target,
+        target: &mut crate::engine::Target,
         mut call_args: StaticVec<Dynamic>,
         def_val: Option<Dynamic>,
         native: bool,
@@ -779,7 +771,7 @@ impl Engine {
         } else if {
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
             {
-                fn_name == KEYWORD_IS_SHARED && call_args.is_empty()
+                fn_name == crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED && call_args.is_empty()
             }
             #[cfg(feature = "no_closure")]
             false
@@ -863,7 +855,7 @@ impl Engine {
             let hash_fn =
                 calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), fn_name, once(TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()));
 
-            if !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
+            if !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
                 // Fn - only in function call style
                 return self
                     .eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0], level)?
@@ -905,7 +897,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         // Handle is_shared()
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-        if fn_name == KEYWORD_IS_SHARED && args_expr.len() == 1 {
+        if fn_name == crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED && args_expr.len() == 1 {
             let value = self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0], level)?;
 
             return Ok(value.is_shared().into());
@@ -919,7 +911,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         if name == KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CALL
             && args_expr.len() >= 1
-            && !self.has_override(lib, 0, hash_script, pub_only)
+            && !self.has_override(mods, lib, 0, hash_script, pub_only)
         {
             let fn_ptr = self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0], level)?;
 
@@ -949,7 +941,7 @@ impl Engine {
         if name == KEYWORD_IS_DEF_VAR && args_expr.len() == 1 {
             let hash_fn = calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), name, once(TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()));
 
-            if !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
+            if !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
                 let var_name =
                     self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0], level)?;
                 let var_name = var_name.as_str().map_err(|err| {
@@ -969,7 +961,7 @@ impl Engine {
                     .cloned(),
             );
 
-            if !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
+            if !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
                 let fn_name =
                     self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0], level)?;
                 let num_params =
@@ -996,7 +988,7 @@ impl Engine {
         if name == KEYWORD_EVAL && args_expr.len() == 1 {
             let hash_fn = calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), name, once(TypeId::of::<ImmutableString>()));
 
-            if !self.has_override(lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
+            if !self.has_override(mods, lib, hash_fn, hash_script, pub_only) {
                 // eval - only in function call style
                 let prev_len = scope.len();
                 let script =
@@ -1042,9 +1034,14 @@ impl Engine {
                     .map(|expr| self.eval_expr(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, expr, level))
                     .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
 
-                let (target, _, _, pos) =
+                let (target, _, typ, pos) =
                     self.search_namespace(scope, mods, state, lib, this_ptr, &args_expr[0])?;
 
+                let target = match typ {
+                    ScopeEntryType::Normal => target,
+                    ScopeEntryType::Constant => target.into_owned(),
+                };
+
                 self.inc_operations(state)
                     .map_err(|err| err.fill_position(pos))?;
 
@@ -1192,7 +1189,7 @@ impl Engine {
             Some(f) if f.is_plugin_fn() => f
                 .get_plugin_fn()
                 .clone()
-                .call((self, mods, lib).into(), args.as_mut()),
+                .call((self, &*mods, lib).into(), args.as_mut()),
             Some(f) if f.is_native() => {
                 if !f.is_method() {
                     // Clone first argument
@@ -1203,7 +1200,7 @@ impl Engine {
                     }
                 }
 
-                f.get_native_fn().clone()((self, mods, lib).into(), args.as_mut())
+                f.get_native_fn().clone()((self, &*mods, lib).into(), args.as_mut())
             }
             Some(_) => unreachable!(),
             None if def_val.is_some() => Ok(def_val.unwrap().into()),

src/fn_native.rs

@@ -10,15 +10,19 @@ use crate::token::{is_valid_identifier, NO_POS};
 use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::{calc_script_fn_hash, StaticVec};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::engine::FN_ANONYMOUS;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{boxed::Box, convert::TryFrom, fmt, iter::empty, mem, string::String};
 
-#[cfg(feature = "sync")]
-use crate::stdlib::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
 #[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
-use crate::stdlib::{cell::RefCell, rc::Rc};
+use crate::stdlib::rc::Rc;
+#[cfg(feature = "sync")]
+use crate::stdlib::sync::Arc;
+
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_closure"), not(feature = "no_module")))]
+#[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
+use crate::stdlib::cell::RefCell;
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_closure"), not(feature = "no_module")))]
+#[cfg(feature = "sync")]
+use crate::stdlib::sync::RwLock;
 
 /// Trait that maps to `Send + Sync` only under the `sync` feature.
 #[cfg(feature = "sync")]
@@ -42,9 +46,11 @@ pub type Shared<T> = Rc<T>;
 pub type Shared<T> = Arc<T>;
 
 /// Synchronized shared object.
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_closure"), not(feature = "no_module")))]
 #[cfg(not(feature = "sync"))]
 pub type Locked<T> = RefCell<T>;
 /// Synchronized shared object.
+#[cfg(any(not(feature = "no_closure"), not(feature = "no_module")))]
 #[cfg(feature = "sync")]
 pub type Locked<T> = RwLock<T>;
 
@@ -56,10 +62,10 @@ pub struct NativeCallContext<'e, 'a, 'm, 'pm: 'm> {
     lib: &'m [&'pm Module],
 }
 
-impl<'e, 'a, 'm, 'pm: 'm, M: AsRef<[&'pm Module]> + ?Sized>
+impl<'e, 'a, 'm, 'pm: 'm, M: AsRef<[&'pm Module]> + ?Sized> From<(&'e Engine, &'a Imports, &'m M)>
-    From<(&'e Engine, &'a mut Imports, &'m M)> for NativeCallContext<'e, 'a, 'm, 'pm>
+    for NativeCallContext<'e, 'a, 'm, 'pm>
 {
-    fn from(value: (&'e Engine, &'a mut Imports, &'m M)) -> Self {
+    fn from(value: (&'e Engine, &'a Imports, &'m M)) -> Self {
         Self {
             engine: value.0,
             mods: Some(value.1),
@@ -249,7 +255,7 @@ impl FnPtr {
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn is_anonymous(&self) -> bool {
-        self.0.starts_with(FN_ANONYMOUS)
+        self.0.starts_with(crate::engine::FN_ANONYMOUS)
     }
     /// Call the function pointer with curried arguments (if any).
     ///

src/lib.rs

@@ -124,6 +124,9 @@ pub use syntax::Expression;
 pub use token::{Position, NO_POS};
 pub use utils::ImmutableString;
 
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+use fn_native::{Locked, Shared};
+
 #[cfg(feature = "internals")]
 pub use utils::{calc_native_fn_hash, calc_script_fn_hash};
 

src/module/mod.rs

@@ -10,23 +10,14 @@ use crate::fn_register::by_value as cast_arg;
 use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
 use crate::token::{Token, NO_POS};
 use crate::utils::{ImmutableString, StraightHasherBuilder};
-use crate::{calc_native_fn_hash, calc_script_fn_hash, StaticVec};
+use crate::StaticVec;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::ast::ScriptFnDef;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-use crate::{ast::AST, engine::Engine, scope::Scope};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::{Array, FN_IDX_GET, FN_IDX_SET};
+use crate::Array;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::{make_getter, make_setter};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
     any::TypeId,
@@ -59,7 +50,7 @@ pub struct FuncInfo {
 /// and/or script-defined functions.
 ///
 /// Not available under the `no_module` feature.
-#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Module {
     /// Sub-modules.
     modules: HashMap<String, Shared<Module>>,
@@ -69,15 +60,32 @@ pub struct Module {
     all_variables: HashMap<u64, Dynamic, StraightHasherBuilder>,
     /// External Rust functions.
     functions: HashMap<u64, FuncInfo, StraightHasherBuilder>,
-    /// Iterator functions, keyed by the type producing the iterator.
+    /// Flattened collection of all external Rust functions, native or scripted.
-    type_iterators: HashMap<TypeId, IteratorFn>,
-    /// Flattened collection of all external Rust functions, native or scripted,
     /// including those in sub-modules.
     all_functions: HashMap<u64, CallableFunction, StraightHasherBuilder>,
+    /// Iterator functions, keyed by the type producing the iterator.
+    type_iterators: HashMap<TypeId, IteratorFn>,
+    /// Flattened collection of iterator functions, including those in sub-modules.
+    all_type_iterators: HashMap<TypeId, IteratorFn>,
     /// Is the module indexed?
     indexed: bool,
 }
 
+impl Default for Module {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            modules: Default::default(),
+            variables: Default::default(),
+            all_variables: Default::default(),
+            functions: HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(64, StraightHasherBuilder),
+            all_functions: HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(256, StraightHasherBuilder),
+            type_iterators: Default::default(),
+            all_type_iterators: Default::default(),
+            indexed: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl fmt::Debug for Module {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(
@@ -163,6 +171,7 @@ impl Module {
             && self.all_variables.is_empty()
             && self.modules.is_empty()
             && self.type_iterators.is_empty()
+            && self.all_type_iterators.is_empty()
     }
 
     /// Is the module indexed?
@@ -273,10 +282,10 @@ impl Module {
     /// If there is an existing function of the same name and number of arguments, it is replaced.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
     #[inline]
-    pub(crate) fn set_script_fn(&mut self, fn_def: Shared<ScriptFnDef>) -> u64 {
+    pub(crate) fn set_script_fn(&mut self, fn_def: Shared<crate::ast::ScriptFnDef>) -> u64 {
         // None + function name + number of arguments.
         let num_params = fn_def.params.len();
-        let hash_script = calc_script_fn_hash(empty(), &fn_def.name, num_params);
+        let hash_script = crate::calc_script_fn_hash(empty(), &fn_def.name, num_params);
         self.functions.insert(
             hash_script,
             FuncInfo {
@@ -299,7 +308,7 @@ impl Module {
         name: &str,
         num_params: usize,
         public_only: bool,
-    ) -> Option<&Shared<ScriptFnDef>> {
+    ) -> Option<&Shared<crate::ast::ScriptFnDef>> {
         self.functions
             .values()
             .find(
@@ -437,7 +446,7 @@ impl Module {
     ) -> u64 {
         let name = name.into();
 
-        let hash_fn = calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), &name, arg_types.iter().cloned());
+        let hash_fn = crate::calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), &name, arg_types.iter().cloned());
 
         let params = arg_types
             .into_iter()
@@ -656,7 +665,7 @@ impl Module {
         name: impl Into<String>,
         func: impl Fn(&mut A) -> Result<T, Box<EvalAltResult>> + SendSync + 'static,
     ) -> u64 {
-        self.set_fn_1_mut(make_getter(&name.into()), func)
+        self.set_fn_1_mut(crate::engine::make_getter(&name.into()), func)
     }
 
     /// Set a Rust function taking two parameters into the module, returning a hash key.
@@ -756,7 +765,7 @@ impl Module {
         name: impl Into<String>,
         func: impl Fn(&mut A, B) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> + SendSync + 'static,
     ) -> u64 {
-        self.set_fn_2_mut(make_setter(&name.into()), func)
+        self.set_fn_2_mut(crate::engine::make_setter(&name.into()), func)
     }
 
     /// Set a Rust index getter taking two parameters (the first one mutable) into the module,
@@ -800,7 +809,7 @@ impl Module {
             panic!("Cannot register indexer for strings.");
         }
 
-        self.set_fn_2_mut(FN_IDX_GET, func)
+        self.set_fn_2_mut(crate::engine::FN_IDX_GET, func)
     }
 
     /// Set a Rust function taking three parameters into the module, returning a hash key.
@@ -939,7 +948,7 @@ impl Module {
         };
         let arg_types = [TypeId::of::<A>(), TypeId::of::<B>(), TypeId::of::<C>()];
         self.set_fn(
-            FN_IDX_SET,
+            crate::engine::FN_IDX_SET,
             FnAccess::Public,
             &arg_types,
             CallableFunction::from_method(Box::new(f)),
@@ -1105,6 +1114,15 @@ impl Module {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Does the particular namespace-qualified function exist in the module?
+    ///
+    /// The `u64` hash is calculated by the function `crate::calc_native_fn_hash` and must match
+    /// the hash calculated by `build_index`.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn contains_qualified_fn(&self, hash_fn: u64) -> bool {
+        self.all_functions.contains_key(&hash_fn)
+    }
+
     /// Get a namespace-qualified function.
     /// Name and Position in `EvalAltResult` are None and must be set afterwards.
     ///
@@ -1125,6 +1143,7 @@ impl Module {
         self.type_iterators.extend(other.type_iterators.into_iter());
         self.all_functions.clear();
         self.all_variables.clear();
+        self.all_type_iterators.clear();
         self.indexed = false;
         self
     }
@@ -1142,6 +1161,7 @@ impl Module {
         self.type_iterators.extend(other.type_iterators.into_iter());
         self.all_functions.clear();
         self.all_variables.clear();
+        self.all_type_iterators.clear();
         self.indexed = false;
         self
     }
@@ -1168,6 +1188,7 @@ impl Module {
         });
         self.all_functions.clear();
         self.all_variables.clear();
+        self.all_type_iterators.clear();
         self.indexed = false;
         self
     }
@@ -1213,6 +1234,7 @@ impl Module {
         self.type_iterators.extend(other.type_iterators.iter());
         self.all_functions.clear();
         self.all_variables.clear();
+        self.all_type_iterators.clear();
         self.indexed = false;
         self
     }
@@ -1232,6 +1254,7 @@ impl Module {
 
         self.all_functions.clear();
         self.all_variables.clear();
+        self.all_type_iterators.clear();
         self.indexed = false;
         self
     }
@@ -1271,7 +1294,7 @@ impl Module {
     #[inline(always)]
     pub(crate) fn iter_script_fn<'a>(
         &'a self,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (FnAccess, &str, usize, Shared<ScriptFnDef>)> + 'a {
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (FnAccess, &str, usize, Shared<crate::ast::ScriptFnDef>)> + 'a {
         self.functions
             .values()
             .map(|f| &f.func)
@@ -1316,7 +1339,7 @@ impl Module {
     #[inline(always)]
     pub fn iter_script_fn_info(
         &self,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (FnAccess, &str, usize, Shared<ScriptFnDef>)> {
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (FnAccess, &str, usize, Shared<crate::ast::ScriptFnDef>)> {
         self.iter_script_fn()
     }
 
@@ -1343,11 +1366,12 @@ impl Module {
     /// ```
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
     pub fn eval_ast_as_new(
-        mut scope: Scope,
+        mut scope: crate::Scope,
-        ast: &AST,
+        ast: &crate::AST,
-        engine: &Engine,
+        engine: &crate::Engine,
     ) -> Result<Self, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut mods = Default::default();
+        let mut mods = engine.global_sub_modules.clone();
+        let orig_mods_len = mods.len();
 
         // Run the script
         engine.eval_ast_with_scope_raw(&mut scope, &mut mods, &ast)?;
@@ -1366,8 +1390,14 @@ impl Module {
             }
         });
 
-        // Modules left in the scope become sub-modules
+        // Extra modules left in the scope become sub-modules
-        mods.iter().for_each(|(alias, m)| {
+        let mut func_mods: crate::engine::Imports = Default::default();
+
+        mods.into_iter()
+            .skip(orig_mods_len)
+            .filter(|&(_, fixed, _)| !fixed)
+            .for_each(|(alias, _, m)| {
+                func_mods.push(alias.clone(), m.clone());
                 module.set_sub_module(alias, m);
             });
 
@@ -1382,7 +1412,7 @@ impl Module {
                     // Encapsulate AST environment
                     let mut func = func.as_ref().clone();
                     func.lib = Some(ast_lib.clone());
-                    func.mods = mods.clone();
+                    func.mods = func_mods.clone();
                     module.set_script_fn(func.into());
                 });
         }
@@ -1400,22 +1430,30 @@ impl Module {
         fn index_module<'a>(
             module: &'a Module,
             qualifiers: &mut Vec<&'a str>,
-            variables: &mut Vec<(u64, Dynamic)>,
+            variables: &mut HashMap<u64, Dynamic, StraightHasherBuilder>,
-            functions: &mut Vec<(u64, CallableFunction)>,
+            functions: &mut HashMap<u64, CallableFunction, StraightHasherBuilder>,
+            type_iterators: &mut HashMap<TypeId, IteratorFn>,
         ) {
             module.modules.iter().for_each(|(name, m)| {
                 // Index all the sub-modules first.
                 qualifiers.push(name);
-                index_module(m, qualifiers, variables, functions);
+                index_module(m, qualifiers, variables, functions, type_iterators);
                 qualifiers.pop();
             });
 
             // Index all variables
             module.variables.iter().for_each(|(var_name, value)| {
                 // Qualifiers + variable name
-                let hash_var = calc_script_fn_hash(qualifiers.iter().map(|&v| v), var_name, 0);
+                let hash_var =
-                variables.push((hash_var, value.clone()));
+                    crate::calc_script_fn_hash(qualifiers.iter().map(|&v| v), var_name, 0);
+                variables.insert(hash_var, value.clone());
             });
+
+            // Index type iterators
+            module.type_iterators.iter().for_each(|(&type_id, func)| {
+                type_iterators.insert(type_id, func.clone());
+            });
+
             // Index all Rust functions
             module
                 .functions
@@ -1423,7 +1461,7 @@ impl Module {
                 .filter(|(_, FuncInfo { access, .. })| access.is_public())
                 .for_each(
                     |(
-                        &_hash,
+                        &hash,
                         FuncInfo {
                             name,
                             params,
@@ -1432,50 +1470,80 @@ impl Module {
                             ..
                         },
                     )| {
+                        // Flatten all methods so they can be available without namespace qualifiers
+                        #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+                        if func.is_method() {
+                            functions.insert(hash, func.clone());
+                        }
+
                         if let Some(param_types) = types {
                             assert_eq!(*params, param_types.len());
 
                             // Namespace-qualified Rust functions are indexed in two steps:
                             // 1) Calculate a hash in a similar manner to script-defined functions,
                             //    i.e. qualifiers + function name + number of arguments.
-                            let hash_qualified_script =
+                            let hash_qualified_script = crate::calc_script_fn_hash(
-                                calc_script_fn_hash(qualifiers.iter().cloned(), name, *params);
+                                qualifiers.iter().cloned(),
+                                name,
+                                *params,
+                            );
                             // 2) Calculate a second hash with no qualifiers, empty function name,
                             //    and the actual list of argument `TypeId`'.s
-                            let hash_fn_args =
+                            let hash_fn_args = crate::calc_native_fn_hash(
-                                calc_native_fn_hash(empty(), "", param_types.iter().cloned());
+                                empty(),
+                                "",
+                                param_types.iter().cloned(),
+                            );
                             // 3) The final hash is the XOR of the two hashes.
                             let hash_qualified_fn = hash_qualified_script ^ hash_fn_args;
 
-                            functions.push((hash_qualified_fn, func.clone()));
+                            functions.insert(hash_qualified_fn, func.clone());
                         } else if cfg!(not(feature = "no_function")) {
-                            let hash_qualified_script = if qualifiers.is_empty() {
+                            let hash_qualified_script =
-                                _hash
+                                if cfg!(feature = "no_object") && qualifiers.is_empty() {
+                                    hash
                                 } else {
                                     // Qualifiers + function name + number of arguments.
-                                calc_script_fn_hash(qualifiers.iter().map(|&v| v), &name, *params)
+                                    crate::calc_script_fn_hash(
+                                        qualifiers.iter().map(|&v| v),
+                                        &name,
+                                        *params,
+                                    )
                                 };
-                            functions.push((hash_qualified_script, func.clone()));
+                            functions.insert(hash_qualified_script, func.clone());
                         }
                     },
                 );
         }
 
         if !self.indexed {
-            let mut qualifiers: Vec<_> = Default::default();
+            let mut qualifiers = Vec::with_capacity(4);
-            let mut variables: Vec<_> = Default::default();
+            let mut variables = HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(16, StraightHasherBuilder);
-            let mut functions: Vec<_> = Default::default();
+            let mut functions = HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(256, StraightHasherBuilder);
+            let mut type_iterators = HashMap::with_capacity(16);
 
             qualifiers.push("root");
 
-            index_module(self, &mut qualifiers, &mut variables, &mut functions);
+            index_module(
+                self,
+                &mut qualifiers,
+                &mut variables,
+                &mut functions,
+                &mut type_iterators,
+            );
 
-            self.all_variables = variables.into_iter().collect();
+            self.all_variables = variables;
-            self.all_functions = functions.into_iter().collect();
+            self.all_functions = functions;
+            self.all_type_iterators = type_iterators;
             self.indexed = true;
         }
     }
 
+    /// Does a type iterator exist in the entire module tree?
+    pub fn contains_qualified_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> bool {
+        self.all_type_iterators.contains_key(&id)
+    }
+
     /// Does a type iterator exist in the module?
     pub fn contains_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> bool {
         self.type_iterators.contains_key(&id)
@@ -1510,6 +1578,11 @@ impl Module {
         })
     }
 
+    /// Get the specified type iterator.
+    pub(crate) fn get_qualified_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> Option<IteratorFn> {
+        self.all_type_iterators.get(&id).cloned()
+    }
+
     /// Get the specified type iterator.
     pub(crate) fn get_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> Option<IteratorFn> {
         self.type_iterators.get(&id).cloned()

src/optimize.rs

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ use crate::token::{is_valid_identifier, Position, NO_POS};
 use crate::utils::get_hasher;
 use crate::{calc_native_fn_hash, StaticVec};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::ast::ReturnType;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{
     boxed::Box,
     hash::{Hash, Hasher},
@@ -237,7 +234,7 @@ fn optimize_stmt_block(
         }
 
         match stmt {
-            Stmt::ReturnWithVal(_, _, _) | Stmt::Break(_) => dead_code = true,
+            Stmt::Return(_, _, _) | Stmt::Break(_) => dead_code = true,
             _ => (),
         }
 
@@ -285,20 +282,19 @@ fn optimize_stmt(stmt: &mut Stmt, state: &mut State, preserve_result: bool) {
                 optimize_expr(&mut x.2, state);
             }
         },
+
         // if false { if_block } -> Noop
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(Expr::False(pos), x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
+        Stmt::If(Expr::False(pos), x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
             state.set_dirty();
             *stmt = Stmt::Noop(*pos);
         }
         // if true { if_block } -> if_block
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(Expr::True(_), x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
+        Stmt::If(Expr::True(_), x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
             *stmt = mem::take(&mut x.0);
             optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true);
         }
         // if expr { Noop }
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(ref mut condition, x, _)
+        Stmt::If(ref mut condition, x, _) if x.1.is_none() && matches!(x.0, Stmt::Noop(_)) => {
-            if x.1.is_none() && matches!(x.0, Stmt::Noop(_)) =>
-        {
             state.set_dirty();
 
             let pos = condition.position();
@@ -317,22 +313,22 @@ fn optimize_stmt(stmt: &mut Stmt, state: &mut State, preserve_result: bool) {
             };
         }
         // if expr { if_block }
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(ref mut condition, ref mut x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
+        Stmt::If(ref mut condition, ref mut x, _) if x.1.is_none() => {
             optimize_expr(condition, state);
             optimize_stmt(&mut x.0, state, true);
         }
         // if false { if_block } else { else_block } -> else_block
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(Expr::False(_), x, _) if x.1.is_some() => {
+        Stmt::If(Expr::False(_), x, _) if x.1.is_some() => {
             *stmt = mem::take(x.1.as_mut().unwrap());
             optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true);
         }
         // if true { if_block } else { else_block } -> if_block
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(Expr::True(_), x, _) => {
+        Stmt::If(Expr::True(_), x, _) => {
             *stmt = mem::take(&mut x.0);
             optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true);
         }
         // if expr { if_block } else { else_block }
-        Stmt::IfThenElse(ref mut condition, ref mut x, _) => {
+        Stmt::If(ref mut condition, ref mut x, _) => {
             optimize_expr(condition, state);
             optimize_stmt(&mut x.0, state, true);
             if let Some(else_block) = x.1.as_mut() {
@@ -344,6 +340,42 @@ fn optimize_stmt(stmt: &mut Stmt, state: &mut State, preserve_result: bool) {
             }
         }
 
+        // switch const { ... }
+        Stmt::Switch(expr, x, pos) if expr.is_constant() => {
+            let value = expr.get_constant_value().unwrap();
+            let hasher = &mut get_hasher();
+            value.hash(hasher);
+            let hash = hasher.finish();
+
+            state.set_dirty();
+
+            let table = &mut x.0;
+
+            if let Some(stmt) = table.get_mut(&hash) {
+                optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true);
+                *expr = Expr::Stmt(Box::new(vec![mem::take(stmt)].into()), *pos);
+            } else if let Some(def_stmt) = x.1.as_mut() {
+                optimize_stmt(def_stmt, state, true);
+                *expr = Expr::Stmt(Box::new(vec![mem::take(def_stmt)].into()), *pos);
+            } else {
+                *expr = Expr::Unit(*pos);
+            }
+        }
+        // switch
+        Stmt::Switch(expr, x, _) => {
+            optimize_expr(expr, state);
+            x.0.values_mut()
+                .for_each(|stmt| optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true));
+            if let Some(def_stmt) = x.1.as_mut() {
+                optimize_stmt(def_stmt, state, true);
+
+                match def_stmt {
+                    Stmt::Noop(_) | Stmt::Expr(Expr::Unit(_)) => x.1 = None,
+                    _ => (),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         // while false { block } -> Noop
         Stmt::While(Expr::False(pos), _, _) => {
             state.set_dirty();
@@ -435,7 +467,7 @@ fn optimize_stmt(stmt: &mut Stmt, state: &mut State, preserve_result: bool) {
         // expr;
         Stmt::Expr(ref mut expr) => optimize_expr(expr, state),
         // return expr;
-        Stmt::ReturnWithVal(_, Some(ref mut expr), _) => optimize_expr(expr, state),
+        Stmt::Return(_, Some(ref mut expr), _) => optimize_expr(expr, state),
 
         // All other statements - skip
         _ => (),
@@ -523,12 +555,24 @@ fn optimize_expr(expr: &mut Expr, state: &mut State) {
             // lhs[rhs]
             (lhs, rhs) => { optimize_expr(lhs, state); optimize_expr(rhs, state); }
         },
+        // [ constant .. ]
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+        Expr::Array(_, _) if expr.is_constant() => {
+            state.set_dirty();
+            *expr = Expr::DynamicConstant(Box::new(expr.get_constant_value().unwrap()), expr.position());
+        }
         // [ items .. ]
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-        Expr::Array(a, _) => a.iter_mut().for_each(|expr| optimize_expr(expr, state)),
+        Expr::Array(x, _) => x.iter_mut().for_each(|expr| optimize_expr(expr, state)),
+        // #{ key:constant, .. }
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+        Expr::Map(_, _) if expr.is_constant()=> {
+            state.set_dirty();
+            *expr = Expr::DynamicConstant(Box::new(expr.get_constant_value().unwrap()), expr.position());
+        }
         // #{ key:value, .. }
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-        Expr::Map(m, _) => m.iter_mut().for_each(|(_, expr)| optimize_expr(expr, state)),
+        Expr::Map(x, _) => x.iter_mut().for_each(|(_, expr)| optimize_expr(expr, state)),
         // lhs in rhs
         Expr::In(x, _) => match (&mut x.lhs, &mut x.rhs) {
             // "xxx" in "xxxxx"
@@ -626,7 +670,7 @@ fn optimize_expr(expr: &mut Expr, state: &mut State) {
             let arg_types: StaticVec<_> = arg_values.iter().map(Dynamic::type_id).collect();
 
             // Search for overloaded operators (can override built-in).
-            if !state.engine.has_override_by_name_and_arguments(state.lib, x.name.as_ref(), arg_types.as_ref(), false) {
+            if !state.engine.has_override_by_name_and_arguments(&state.engine.global_sub_modules, state.lib, x.name.as_ref(), arg_types.as_ref(), false) {
                 if let Some(result) = run_builtin_binary_op(x.name.as_ref(), &arg_values[0], &arg_values[1])
                                         .ok().flatten()
                                         .and_then(|result| map_dynamic_to_expr(result, *pos))
@@ -697,42 +741,6 @@ fn optimize_expr(expr: &mut Expr, state: &mut State) {
             *expr = result;
         }
 
-        // switch const { ... }
-        Expr::Switch(x, pos) if x.0.is_constant() => {
-            let value = x.0.get_constant_value().unwrap();
-            let hasher = &mut get_hasher();
-            value.hash(hasher);
-            let hash = hasher.finish();
-
-            state.set_dirty();
-
-            let table = &mut x.1;
-
-            if let Some(stmt) = table.get_mut(&hash) {
-                optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true);
-                *expr = Expr::Stmt(Box::new(vec![mem::take(stmt)].into()), *pos);
-            } else if let Some(def_stmt) = x.2.as_mut() {
-                optimize_stmt(def_stmt, state, true);
-                *expr = Expr::Stmt(Box::new(vec![mem::take(def_stmt)].into()), *pos);
-            } else {
-                *expr = Expr::Unit(*pos);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // switch
-        Expr::Switch(x, _) => {
-            optimize_expr(&mut x.0, state);
-            x.1.values_mut().for_each(|stmt| optimize_stmt(stmt, state, true));
-            if let Some(def_stmt) = x.2.as_mut() {
-                optimize_stmt(def_stmt, state, true);
-
-                match def_stmt {
-                    Stmt::Noop(_) | Stmt::Expr(Expr::Unit(_)) => x.2 = None,
-                    _ => ()
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         // Custom syntax
         Expr::Custom(x, _) => x.keywords.iter_mut().for_each(|expr| optimize_expr(expr, state)),
 
@@ -742,7 +750,7 @@ fn optimize_expr(expr: &mut Expr, state: &mut State) {
 }
 
 fn optimize(
-    statements: Vec<Stmt>,
+    mut statements: Vec<Stmt>,
     engine: &Engine,
     scope: &Scope,
     lib: &[&Module],
@@ -750,6 +758,7 @@ fn optimize(
 ) -> Vec<Stmt> {
     // If optimization level is None then skip optimizing
     if level == OptimizationLevel::None {
+        statements.shrink_to_fit();
         return statements;
     }
 
@@ -768,16 +777,14 @@ fn optimize(
 
     let orig_constants_len = state.constants.len();
 
-    let mut result = statements;
-
     // Optimization loop
     loop {
         state.reset();
         state.restore_constants(orig_constants_len);
 
-        let num_statements = result.len();
+        let num_statements = statements.len();
 
-        result.iter_mut().enumerate().for_each(|(i, stmt)| {
+        statements.iter_mut().enumerate().for_each(|(i, stmt)| {
             match stmt {
                 Stmt::Const(var_def, expr, _, _) if expr.is_some() => {
                     // Load constants
@@ -817,26 +824,27 @@ fn optimize(
     }
 
     // Eliminate code that is pure but always keep the last statement
-    let last_stmt = result.pop();
+    let last_stmt = statements.pop();
 
     // Remove all pure statements at global level
-    result.retain(|stmt| !stmt.is_pure());
+    statements.retain(|stmt| !stmt.is_pure());
 
     // Add back the last statement unless it is a lone No-op
     if let Some(stmt) = last_stmt {
-        if !result.is_empty() || !stmt.is_noop() {
+        if !statements.is_empty() || !stmt.is_noop() {
-            result.push(stmt);
+            statements.push(stmt);
         }
     }
 
-    result
+    statements.shrink_to_fit();
+    statements
 }
 
 /// Optimize an AST.
 pub fn optimize_into_ast(
     engine: &Engine,
     scope: &Scope,
-    statements: Vec<Stmt>,
+    mut statements: Vec<Stmt>,
     _functions: Vec<ScriptFnDef>,
     level: OptimizationLevel,
 ) -> AST {
@@ -886,11 +894,11 @@ pub fn optimize_into_ast(
                     // {} -> Noop
                     fn_def.body = match body.pop().unwrap_or_else(|| Stmt::Noop(pos)) {
                         // { return val; } -> val
-                        Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Return, _), Some(expr), _) => {
+                        Stmt::Return((crate::ast::ReturnType::Return, _), Some(expr), _) => {
                             Stmt::Expr(expr)
                         }
                         // { return; } -> ()
-                        Stmt::ReturnWithVal((ReturnType::Return, pos), None, _) => {
+                        Stmt::Return((crate::ast::ReturnType::Return, pos), None, _) => {
                             Stmt::Expr(Expr::Unit(pos))
                         }
                         // All others
@@ -913,6 +921,8 @@ pub fn optimize_into_ast(
     #[cfg(feature = "no_function")]
     let lib = Default::default();
 
+    statements.shrink_to_fit();
+
     AST::new(
         match level {
             OptimizationLevel::None => statements,

src/packages/array_basic.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 use crate::def_package;
 use crate::dynamic::Dynamic;
-use crate::engine::{Array, OP_EQUALS};
+use crate::engine::{Array, OP_EQUALS, TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE};
 use crate::fn_native::{FnPtr, NativeCallContext};
 use crate::plugin::*;
 use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::INT;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
 
-use crate::stdlib::{any::TypeId, boxed::Box, cmp::Ordering, string::ToString};
+use crate::stdlib::{any::TypeId, boxed::Box, cmp::max, cmp::Ordering, string::ToString};
 
 pub type Unit = ();
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ macro_rules! gen_array_functions {
                         list.resize(len as usize, Dynamic::from(item));
                     }
 
-                    Ok(().into())
+                    Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
                 }
             }
         })* }
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         mapper: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut array = Array::with_capacity(list.len());
+        let mut array = Array::with_capacity(max(TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, list.len()));
 
         for (i, item) in list.iter().enumerate() {
             array.push(
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         filter: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut array = Array::with_capacity(list.len());
+        let mut array = Array::with_capacity(max(TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, list.len()));
 
         for (i, item) in list.iter().enumerate() {
             if filter
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         reducer: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut result: Dynamic = ().into();
+        let mut result: Dynamic = Dynamic::UNIT;
 
         for (i, item) in list.iter().enumerate() {
             result = reducer
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         reducer: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut result: Dynamic = ().into();
+        let mut result: Dynamic = Dynamic::UNIT;
 
         for (i, item) in list.iter().enumerate().rev() {
             result = reducer
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ mod array_functions {
                 })
         });
 
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
     #[rhai_fn(return_raw)]
     pub fn drain(
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         filter: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut drained = Array::with_capacity(list.len());
+        let mut drained = Array::with_capacity(max(TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, list.len()));
 
         let mut i = list.len();
 
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ mod array_functions {
         list: &mut Array,
         filter: FnPtr,
     ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        let mut drained = Array::with_capacity(list.len());
+        let mut drained = Array::with_capacity(max(TYPICAL_ARRAY_SIZE, list.len()));
 
         let mut i = list.len();
 

src/packages/map_basic.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::INT;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
 
 def_package!(crate:BasicMapPackage:"Basic object map utilities.", lib, {
     combine_with_exported_module!(lib, "map", map_functions);

src/packages/mod.rs

@@ -56,22 +56,20 @@ pub(crate) struct PackagesCollection(StaticVec<PackageLibrary>);
 
 impl PackagesCollection {
     /// Add a `PackageLibrary` into the `PackagesCollection`.
-    pub fn push(&mut self, package: PackageLibrary) {
+    ///
+    /// Packages are searched in reverse order.
+    pub fn add(&mut self, package: PackageLibrary) {
         // Later packages override previous ones.
         self.0.insert(0, package);
     }
     /// Does the specified function hash key exist in the `PackagesCollection`?
     #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn contains_fn(&self, hash: u64, public_only: bool) -> bool {
+    pub fn contains_fn(&self, hash: u64) -> bool {
-        self.0.iter().any(|p| p.contains_fn(hash, public_only))
+        self.0.iter().any(|p| p.contains_fn(hash, false))
     }
     /// Get specified function via its hash key.
-    pub fn get_fn(&self, hash: u64, public_only: bool) -> Option<&CallableFunction> {
+    pub fn get_fn(&self, hash: u64) -> Option<&CallableFunction> {
-        self.0
+        self.0.iter().find_map(|p| p.get_fn(hash, false))
-            .iter()
-            .map(|p| p.get_fn(hash, public_only))
-            .find(|f| f.is_some())
-            .flatten()
     }
     /// Does the specified TypeId iterator exist in the `PackagesCollection`?
     #[allow(dead_code)]
@@ -80,11 +78,7 @@ impl PackagesCollection {
     }
     /// Get the specified TypeId iterator.
     pub fn get_iter(&self, id: TypeId) -> Option<IteratorFn> {
-        self.0
+        self.0.iter().find_map(|p| p.get_iter(id))
-            .iter()
-            .map(|p| p.get_iter(id))
-            .find(|f| f.is_some())
-            .flatten()
     }
 }
 
@@ -128,7 +122,7 @@ macro_rules! def_package {
 
         impl $package {
             pub fn new() -> Self {
-                let mut module = $root::Module::new_with_capacity(512);
+                let mut module = $root::Module::new_with_capacity(1024);
                 <Self as $root::packages::Package>::init(&mut module);
                 Self(module.into())
             }

src/packages/string_basic.rs

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::INT;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
 
 use crate::stdlib::{
     fmt::{Debug, Display},

src/packages/string_more.rs

@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::StaticVec;
 use crate::INT;
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
-use crate::{result::EvalAltResult, token::NO_POS};
-
 use crate::stdlib::{
     any::TypeId, boxed::Box, format, mem, string::String, string::ToString, vec::Vec,
 };
@@ -255,11 +252,15 @@ mod string_functions {
         s: &mut ImmutableString,
         len: INT,
         ch: char,
-    ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+    ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<crate::EvalAltResult>> {
         // Check if string will be over max size limit
         #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
         if _ctx.engine().max_string_size() > 0 && len as usize > _ctx.engine().max_string_size() {
-            return EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge("Length of string".to_string(), NO_POS).into();
+            return crate::EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
+                "Length of string".to_string(),
+                crate::NO_POS,
+            )
+            .into();
         }
 
         if len > 0 {
@@ -275,16 +276,16 @@ mod string_functions {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
                 if _ctx.engine().max_string_size() > 0 && s.len() > _ctx.engine().max_string_size()
                 {
-                    return EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
+                    return crate::EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
                         "Length of string".to_string(),
-                        NO_POS,
+                        crate::NO_POS,
                     )
                     .into();
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
     #[rhai_fn(name = "pad", return_raw)]
     pub fn pad_with_string(
@@ -292,11 +293,15 @@ mod string_functions {
         s: &mut ImmutableString,
         len: INT,
         padding: &str,
-    ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+    ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<crate::EvalAltResult>> {
         // Check if string will be over max size limit
         #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
         if _ctx.engine().max_string_size() > 0 && len as usize > _ctx.engine().max_string_size() {
-            return EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge("Length of string".to_string(), NO_POS).into();
+            return crate::EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
+                "Length of string".to_string(),
+                crate::NO_POS,
+            )
+            .into();
         }
 
         if len > 0 {
@@ -319,21 +324,21 @@ mod string_functions {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
                 if _ctx.engine().max_string_size() > 0 && s.len() > _ctx.engine().max_string_size()
                 {
-                    return EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
+                    return crate::EvalAltResult::ErrorDataTooLarge(
                         "Length of string".to_string(),
-                        NO_POS,
+                        crate::NO_POS,
                     )
                     .into();
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
 
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
     pub mod arrays {
-        use crate::engine::Array;
+        use crate::Array;
 
         #[rhai_fn(name = "+")]
         pub fn append(x: &str, y: Array) -> String {
@@ -356,7 +361,7 @@ mod string_functions {
 
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
     pub mod maps {
-        use crate::engine::Map;
+        use crate::Map;
 
         #[rhai_fn(name = "+")]
         pub fn append(x: &str, y: Map) -> String {

src/packages/time_basic.rs

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ mod time_functions {
         #[rhai_fn(return_raw, name = "+=")]
         pub fn add_assign(x: &mut Instant, seconds: FLOAT) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
             *x = add_impl(*x, seconds)?;
-            Ok(().into())
+            Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
         }
         #[rhai_fn(return_raw, name = "-")]
         pub fn subtract(x: Instant, seconds: FLOAT) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ mod time_functions {
             seconds: FLOAT,
         ) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
             *x = subtract_impl(*x, seconds)?;
-            Ok(().into())
+            Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
         }
     }
 
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ mod time_functions {
     #[rhai_fn(return_raw, name = "+=")]
     pub fn add_assign(x: &mut Instant, seconds: INT) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         *x = add_impl(*x, seconds)?;
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
     #[rhai_fn(return_raw, name = "-")]
     pub fn subtract(x: Instant, seconds: INT) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ mod time_functions {
     #[rhai_fn(return_raw, name = "-=")]
     pub fn subtract_assign(x: &mut Instant, seconds: INT) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         *x = subtract_impl(*x, seconds)?;
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
 
     #[rhai_fn(name = "==")]

src/parser.rs

@@ -19,15 +19,6 @@ use crate::{calc_script_fn_hash, StaticVec};
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_float"))]
 use crate::FLOAT;
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::{make_getter, make_setter, KEYWORD_EVAL, KEYWORD_FN_PTR};
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::{
-    ast::FnAccess,
-    engine::{FN_ANONYMOUS, KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY},
-};
-
 use crate::stdlib::{
     borrow::Cow,
     boxed::Box,
@@ -41,9 +32,6 @@ use crate::stdlib::{
     vec::Vec,
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-use crate::stdlib::collections::HashSet;
-
 type PERR = ParseErrorType;
 
 type FunctionsLib = HashMap<u64, ScriptFnDef, StraightHasherBuilder>;
@@ -69,7 +57,7 @@ struct ParseState<'e> {
     allow_capture: bool,
     /// Encapsulates a local stack with imported module names.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
-    modules: Vec<ImmutableString>,
+    modules: StaticVec<ImmutableString>,
     /// Maximum levels of expression nesting.
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     max_expr_depth: usize,
@@ -102,8 +90,8 @@ impl<'e> ParseState<'e> {
             externals: Default::default(),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
             allow_capture: true,
-            strings: Default::default(),
+            strings: HashMap::with_capacity(64),
-            stack: Default::default(),
+            stack: Vec::with_capacity(16),
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
             modules: Default::default(),
         }
@@ -192,6 +180,8 @@ struct ParseSettings {
     allow_anonymous_fn: bool,
     /// Is if-expression allowed?
     allow_if_expr: bool,
+    /// Is switch expression allowed?
+    allow_switch_expr: bool,
     /// Is statement-expression allowed?
     allow_stmt_expr: bool,
     /// Current expression nesting level.
@@ -229,8 +219,8 @@ impl Expr {
         match self {
             Self::Variable(x) if x.1.is_none() => {
                 let ident = x.3;
-                let getter = state.get_interned_string(make_getter(&ident.name));
+                let getter = state.get_interned_string(crate::engine::make_getter(&ident.name));
-                let setter = state.get_interned_string(make_setter(&ident.name));
+                let setter = state.get_interned_string(crate::engine::make_setter(&ident.name));
                 Self::Property(Box::new(((getter, setter), ident.into())))
             }
             _ => self,
@@ -793,8 +783,12 @@ fn parse_switch(
     input: &mut TokenStream,
     state: &mut ParseState,
     lib: &mut FunctionsLib,
-    settings: ParseSettings,
+    mut settings: ParseSettings,
-) -> Result<Expr, ParseError> {
+) -> Result<Stmt, ParseError> {
+    // switch ...
+    let token_pos = eat_token(input, Token::Switch);
+    settings.pos = token_pos;
+
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     settings.ensure_level_within_max_limit(state.max_expr_depth)?;
 
@@ -812,7 +806,7 @@ fn parse_switch(
         }
     }
 
-    let mut table: HashMap<u64, Stmt, StraightHasherBuilder> = Default::default();
+    let mut table = HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(16, StraightHasherBuilder);
     let mut def_stmt = None;
 
     loop {
@@ -901,8 +895,9 @@ fn parse_switch(
         }
     }
 
-    Ok(Expr::Switch(
+    Ok(Stmt::Switch(
-        Box::new((item, table, def_stmt)),
+        item,
+        Box::new((table, def_stmt)),
         settings.pos,
     ))
 }
@@ -953,7 +948,7 @@ fn parse_primary(
             let var_name_def = IdentX::new(state.get_interned_string(s), settings.pos);
             Expr::Variable(Box::new((None, None, 0, var_name_def)))
         }
-        // Module qualification
+        // Namespace qualification
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
         Token::Identifier(s) if *next_token == Token::DoubleColon => {
             // Once the identifier consumed we must enable next variables capturing
@@ -1004,7 +999,6 @@ fn parse_primary(
         Token::LeftBracket => parse_array_literal(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?,
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
         Token::MapStart => parse_map_literal(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?,
-        Token::Switch => parse_switch(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?,
         Token::True => Expr::True(settings.pos),
         Token::False => Expr::False(settings.pos),
         Token::LexError(err) => return Err(err.into_err(settings.pos)),
@@ -1131,11 +1125,15 @@ fn parse_unary(
 
     match token {
         // If statement is allowed to act as expressions
-        Token::If if settings.allow_if_expr => {
+        Token::If if settings.allow_if_expr => Ok(Expr::Stmt(
-            let mut block: StaticVec<_> = Default::default();
+            Box::new(vec![parse_if(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?].into()),
-            block.push(parse_if(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?);
+            settings.pos,
-            Ok(Expr::Stmt(Box::new(block), settings.pos))
+        )),
-        }
+        // Switch statement is allowed to act as expressions
+        Token::Switch if settings.allow_switch_expr => Ok(Expr::Stmt(
+            Box::new(vec![parse_switch(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?].into()),
+            settings.pos,
+        )),
         // -expr
         Token::UnaryMinus => {
             let pos = eat_token(input, Token::UnaryMinus);
@@ -1219,6 +1217,7 @@ fn parse_unary(
 
             let settings = ParseSettings {
                 allow_if_expr: true,
+                allow_switch_expr: true,
                 allow_stmt_expr: true,
                 allow_anonymous_fn: true,
                 is_global: false,
@@ -1381,8 +1380,8 @@ fn make_dot_expr(
         // lhs.id
         (lhs, Expr::Variable(x)) if x.1.is_none() => {
             let ident = x.3;
-            let getter = state.get_interned_string(make_getter(&ident.name));
+            let getter = state.get_interned_string(crate::engine::make_getter(&ident.name));
-            let setter = state.get_interned_string(make_setter(&ident.name));
+            let setter = state.get_interned_string(crate::engine::make_setter(&ident.name));
             let rhs = Expr::Property(Box::new(((getter, setter), ident)));
 
             Expr::Dot(Box::new(BinaryExpr { lhs, rhs }), op_pos)
@@ -1419,7 +1418,7 @@ fn make_dot_expr(
         }
         // lhs.Fn() or lhs.eval()
         (_, Expr::FnCall(x, pos))
-            if x.args.len() == 0 && [KEYWORD_FN_PTR, KEYWORD_EVAL].contains(&x.name.as_ref()) =>
+            if x.args.len() == 0 && [crate::engine::KEYWORD_FN_PTR, crate::engine::KEYWORD_EVAL].contains(&x.name.as_ref()) =>
         {
             return Err(PERR::BadInput(LexError::ImproperSymbol(format!(
                 "'{}' should not be called in method style. Try {}(...);",
@@ -1970,11 +1969,7 @@ fn parse_if(
         None
     };
 
-    Ok(Stmt::IfThenElse(
+    Ok(Stmt::If(guard, Box::new((if_body, else_body)), token_pos))
-        guard,
-        Box::new((if_body, else_body)),
-        token_pos,
-    ))
 }
 
 /// Parse a while loop.
@@ -2204,7 +2199,7 @@ fn parse_export(
         _ => (),
     }
 
-    let mut exports = Vec::new();
+    let mut exports = Vec::with_capacity(4);
 
     loop {
         let (id, id_pos) = match input.next().unwrap() {
@@ -2272,7 +2267,7 @@ fn parse_block(
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     settings.ensure_level_within_max_limit(state.max_expr_depth)?;
 
-    let mut statements = Vec::new();
+    let mut statements = Vec::with_capacity(8);
     let prev_stack_len = state.stack.len();
 
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
@@ -2374,9 +2369,9 @@ fn parse_stmt(
         Token::Fn | Token::Private => {
             let access = if matches!(token, Token::Private) {
                 eat_token(input, Token::Private);
-                FnAccess::Private
+                crate::FnAccess::Private
             } else {
-                FnAccess::Public
+                crate::FnAccess::Public
             };
 
             match input.next().unwrap() {
@@ -2392,6 +2387,7 @@ fn parse_stmt(
 
                     let settings = ParseSettings {
                         allow_if_expr: true,
+                        allow_switch_expr: true,
                         allow_stmt_expr: true,
                         allow_anonymous_fn: true,
                         is_global: false,
@@ -2451,13 +2447,9 @@ fn parse_stmt(
 
             match input.peek().unwrap() {
                 // `return`/`throw` at <EOF>
-                (Token::EOF, pos) => Ok(Some(Stmt::ReturnWithVal(
+                (Token::EOF, pos) => Ok(Some(Stmt::Return((return_type, token_pos), None, *pos))),
-                    (return_type, token_pos),
-                    None,
-                    *pos,
-                ))),
                 // `return;` or `throw;`
-                (Token::SemiColon, _) => Ok(Some(Stmt::ReturnWithVal(
+                (Token::SemiColon, _) => Ok(Some(Stmt::Return(
                     (return_type, token_pos),
                     None,
                     settings.pos,
@@ -2466,7 +2458,7 @@ fn parse_stmt(
                 (_, _) => {
                     let expr = parse_expr(input, state, lib, settings.level_up())?;
                     let pos = expr.position();
-                    Ok(Some(Stmt::ReturnWithVal(
+                    Ok(Some(Stmt::Return(
                         (return_type, token_pos),
                         Some(expr),
                         pos,
@@ -2560,7 +2552,7 @@ fn parse_fn(
     input: &mut TokenStream,
     state: &mut ParseState,
     lib: &mut FunctionsLib,
-    access: FnAccess,
+    access: crate::FnAccess,
     mut settings: ParseSettings,
 ) -> Result<ScriptFnDef, ParseError> {
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
@@ -2580,7 +2572,7 @@ fn parse_fn(
         (_, pos) => return Err(PERR::FnMissingParams(name).into_err(*pos)),
     };
 
-    let mut params = Vec::new();
+    let mut params: StaticVec<_> = Default::default();
 
     if !match_token(input, Token::RightParen).0 {
         let sep_err = format!("to separate the parameters of function '{}'", name);
@@ -2590,7 +2582,7 @@ fn parse_fn(
                 (Token::RightParen, _) => break,
                 (Token::Identifier(s), pos) => {
                     if params.iter().any(|(p, _)| p == &s) {
-                        return Err(PERR::FnDuplicatedParam(name.to_string(), s).into_err(pos));
+                        return Err(PERR::FnDuplicatedParam(name, s).into_err(pos));
                     }
                     let s = state.get_interned_string(s);
                     state.stack.push((s.clone(), ScopeEntryType::Normal));
@@ -2629,7 +2621,7 @@ fn parse_fn(
     let params: StaticVec<_> = params.into_iter().map(|(p, _)| p).collect();
 
     #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-    let externals: HashSet<_> = state
+    let externals = state
         .externals
         .iter()
         .map(|(name, _)| name)
@@ -2672,11 +2664,11 @@ fn make_curry_from_externals(fn_expr: Expr, externals: StaticVec<IdentX>, pos: P
         args.push(Expr::Variable(Box::new((None, None, 0, x.clone().into()))));
     });
 
-    let hash = calc_script_fn_hash(empty(), KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY, num_externals + 1);
+    let hash = calc_script_fn_hash(empty(), crate::engine::KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY, num_externals + 1);
 
     let expr = Expr::FnCall(
         Box::new(FnCallExpr {
-            name: KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY.into(),
+            name: crate::engine::KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY.into(),
             hash,
             args,
             ..Default::default()
@@ -2712,7 +2704,7 @@ fn parse_anon_fn(
     #[cfg(not(feature = "unchecked"))]
     settings.ensure_level_within_max_limit(state.max_expr_depth)?;
 
-    let mut params = Vec::new();
+    let mut params: StaticVec<_> = Default::default();
 
     if input.next().unwrap().0 != Token::Or {
         if !match_token(input, Token::Pipe).0 {
@@ -2788,12 +2780,12 @@ fn parse_anon_fn(
     settings.pos.hash(hasher);
     let hash = hasher.finish();
 
-    let fn_name: ImmutableString = format!("{}{:016x}", FN_ANONYMOUS, hash).into();
+    let fn_name: ImmutableString = format!("{}{:016x}", crate::engine::FN_ANONYMOUS, hash).into();
 
     // Define the function
     let script = ScriptFnDef {
         name: fn_name.clone(),
-        access: FnAccess::Public,
+        access: crate::FnAccess::Public,
         params,
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
         externals: Default::default(),
@@ -2835,6 +2827,7 @@ impl Engine {
 
         let settings = ParseSettings {
             allow_if_expr: false,
+            allow_switch_expr: false,
             allow_stmt_expr: false,
             allow_anonymous_fn: false,
             is_global: true,
@@ -2872,8 +2865,8 @@ impl Engine {
         script_hash: u64,
         input: &mut TokenStream,
     ) -> Result<(Vec<Stmt>, Vec<ScriptFnDef>), ParseError> {
-        let mut statements: Vec<Stmt> = Default::default();
+        let mut statements = Vec::with_capacity(16);
-        let mut functions = Default::default();
+        let mut functions = HashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(16, StraightHasherBuilder);
         let mut state = ParseState::new(
             self,
             script_hash,
@@ -2887,6 +2880,7 @@ impl Engine {
         while !input.peek().unwrap().0.is_eof() {
             let settings = ParseSettings {
                 allow_if_expr: true,
+                allow_switch_expr: true,
                 allow_stmt_expr: true,
                 allow_anonymous_fn: true,
                 is_global: true,

src/result.rs

@@ -6,9 +6,6 @@ use crate::token::{Position, NO_POS};
 use crate::utils::ImmutableString;
 use crate::INT;
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-use crate::engine::is_anonymous_fn;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{
     boxed::Box,
     error::Error,
@@ -159,7 +156,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for EvalAltResult {
             Self::ErrorParsing(p, _) => write!(f, "Syntax error: {}", p)?,
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_function"))]
-            Self::ErrorInFunctionCall(s, err, _) if is_anonymous_fn(s) => {
+            Self::ErrorInFunctionCall(s, err, _) if crate::engine::is_anonymous_fn(s) => {
                 write!(f, "Error in call to closure: {}", err)?
             }
             Self::ErrorInFunctionCall(s, err, _) => {
@@ -303,7 +300,6 @@ impl EvalAltResult {
             Self::LoopBreak(_, _) | Self::Return(_, _) => unreachable!(),
         }
     }
-
     /// Is this error a system exception?
     pub fn is_system_exception(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
@@ -322,7 +318,6 @@ impl EvalAltResult {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
     /// Get the `Position` of this error.
     pub fn position(&self) -> Position {
         match self {
@@ -356,7 +351,6 @@ impl EvalAltResult {
             | Self::Return(_, pos) => *pos,
         }
     }
-
     /// Override the `Position` of this error.
     pub fn set_position(&mut self, new_position: Position) {
         match self {
@@ -390,7 +384,6 @@ impl EvalAltResult {
             | Self::Return(_, pos) => *pos = new_position,
         }
     }
-
     /// Consume the current `EvalAltResult` and return a new one with the specified `Position`
     /// if the current position is `Position::None`.
     #[inline(always)]

src/scope.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ impl EntryType {
 //
 // Since `Dynamic` is reasonably small, packing it tightly improves cache locality when variables are accessed.
 // The variable type is packed separately into another array because it is even smaller.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Scope<'a> {
     /// Current value of the entry.
     values: Vec<Dynamic>,
@@ -75,6 +75,16 @@ pub struct Scope<'a> {
     names: Vec<(Cow<'a, str>, Box<StaticVec<String>>)>,
 }
 
+impl Default for Scope<'_> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            values: Vec::with_capacity(16),
+            types: Vec::with_capacity(16),
+            names: Vec::with_capacity(16),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a> Scope<'a> {
     /// Create a new Scope.
     ///
@@ -417,6 +427,7 @@ impl<'a> Scope<'a> {
     }
     /// Get an iterator to entries in the Scope.
     #[inline(always)]
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub(crate) fn into_iter(
         self,
     ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (Cow<'a, str>, EntryType, Dynamic, Vec<String>)> {

src/serde_impl/de.rs

@@ -13,13 +13,10 @@ use serde::de::{
 use serde::Deserialize;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use serde::de::{EnumAccess, VariantAccess};
 
 use crate::stdlib::{any::type_name, boxed::Box, fmt, string::ToString};
 
@@ -542,7 +539,7 @@ struct EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de: 't> {
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-impl<'t, 'de> EnumAccess<'de> for EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de> {
+impl<'t, 'de> serde::de::EnumAccess<'de> for EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de> {
     type Error = Box<EvalAltResult>;
     type Variant = Self;
 
@@ -556,7 +553,7 @@ impl<'t, 'de> EnumAccess<'de> for EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de> {
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-impl<'t, 'de> VariantAccess<'de> for EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de> {
+impl<'t, 'de> serde::de::VariantAccess<'de> for EnumDeserializer<'t, 'de> {
     type Error = Box<EvalAltResult>;
 
     fn unit_variant(mut self) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {

src/serde_impl/ser.rs

@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ use crate::result::EvalAltResult;
 use crate::token::NO_POS;
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
-use crate::engine::Array;
+use crate::Array;
+
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::engine::Map;
+use crate::Map;
 
 use serde::ser::{
     Error, SerializeMap, SerializeSeq, SerializeStruct, SerializeTuple, SerializeTupleStruct,
@@ -15,17 +16,8 @@ use serde::ser::{
 };
 use serde::Serialize;
 
-#[cfg(not(any(feature = "no_object", feature = "no_index")))]
-use serde::ser::SerializeTupleVariant;
-
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use serde::ser::SerializeStructVariant;
-
 use crate::stdlib::{boxed::Box, fmt, string::ToString};
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-use crate::stdlib::mem;
-
 /// Serializer for `Dynamic` which is kept as a reference.
 pub struct DynamicSerializer {
     /// Buffer to hold a temporary key.
@@ -247,7 +239,7 @@ impl Serializer for &mut DynamicSerializer {
     }
 
     fn serialize_none(self) -> Result<Self::Ok, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
 
     fn serialize_some<T: ?Sized + Serialize>(
@@ -258,7 +250,7 @@ impl Serializer for &mut DynamicSerializer {
     }
 
     fn serialize_unit(self) -> Result<Self::Ok, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
-        Ok(().into())
+        Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
     }
 
     fn serialize_unit_struct(self, _name: &'static str) -> Result<Self::Ok, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
@@ -477,7 +469,7 @@ impl SerializeMap for DynamicSerializer {
     ) -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
         {
-            let key = mem::take(&mut self._key)
+            let key = crate::stdlib::mem::take(&mut self._key)
                 .take_immutable_string()
                 .map_err(|typ| {
                     EvalAltResult::ErrorMismatchOutputType("string".into(), typ.into(), NO_POS)
@@ -554,7 +546,7 @@ pub struct TupleVariantSerializer {
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(any(feature = "no_object", feature = "no_index")))]
-impl SerializeTupleVariant for TupleVariantSerializer {
+impl serde::ser::SerializeTupleVariant for TupleVariantSerializer {
     type Ok = Dynamic;
     type Error = Box<EvalAltResult>;
 
@@ -579,7 +571,7 @@ pub struct StructVariantSerializer {
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
-impl SerializeStructVariant for StructVariantSerializer {
+impl serde::ser::SerializeStructVariant for StructVariantSerializer {
     type Ok = Dynamic;
     type Error = Box<EvalAltResult>;
 

src/syntax.rs

@@ -193,7 +193,6 @@ impl Engine {
 
         Ok(self)
     }
-
     /// Register a custom syntax with the `Engine`.
     ///
     /// ## WARNING - Low Level API

src/token.rs

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@ use crate::engine::{
     KEYWORD_IS_DEF_FN, KEYWORD_IS_DEF_VAR, KEYWORD_PRINT, KEYWORD_THIS, KEYWORD_TYPE_OF,
 };
 
-#[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-use crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED;
-
 use crate::parse_error::LexError;
 use crate::StaticVec;
 use crate::INT;
@@ -545,7 +542,7 @@ impl Token {
             | KEYWORD_IS_DEF_FN | KEYWORD_THIS => Reserved(syntax.into()),
 
             #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-            KEYWORD_IS_SHARED => Reserved(syntax.into()),
+            crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED => Reserved(syntax.into()),
 
             _ => return None,
         })
@@ -1515,7 +1512,7 @@ fn get_identifier(
 pub fn is_keyword_function(name: &str) -> bool {
     match name {
         #[cfg(not(feature = "no_closure"))]
-        KEYWORD_IS_SHARED => true,
+        crate::engine::KEYWORD_IS_SHARED => true,
         KEYWORD_PRINT | KEYWORD_DEBUG | KEYWORD_TYPE_OF | KEYWORD_EVAL | KEYWORD_FN_PTR
         | KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CALL | KEYWORD_FN_PTR_CURRY | KEYWORD_IS_DEF_VAR | KEYWORD_IS_DEF_FN => {
             true

tests/comments.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
-use rhai::{Engine, INT};
+use rhai::{Engine, EvalAltResult, INT};
 
 #[test]
-fn test_comments() {
+fn test_comments() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
     let engine = Engine::new();
 
-    assert!(engine
+    assert_eq!(
-        .eval::<INT>("let x = 5; x // I am a single line comment, yay!")
+        engine.eval::<INT>("let x = 42; x // I am a single line comment, yay!")?,
-        .is_ok());
+        42
+    );
 
-    assert!(engine
+    assert_eq!(
-        .eval::<INT>("let /* I am a multi-line comment, yay! */ x = 5; x")
+        engine.eval::<INT>(
-        .is_ok());
+            r#"
+            let /* I am a
+                multi-line
+                    comment, yay!
+                */ x = 42; x
+            "#
+        )?,
+        42
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
 }

tests/for.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use rhai::{Engine, EvalAltResult, INT};
+use rhai::{Engine, EvalAltResult, Module, INT};
 
 #[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
 #[test]
@@ -75,3 +75,45 @@ fn test_for_object() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct MyIterableType(String);
+
+impl IntoIterator for MyIterableType {
+    type Item = char;
+    type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<Self::Item>;
+
+    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
+        self.0.chars().collect::<Vec<_>>().into_iter()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "no_module"))]
+#[test]
+fn test_for_module_iterator() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+    let mut engine = Engine::new();
+
+    // Set a type iterator deep inside a nested module chain
+    let mut sub_module = Module::new();
+    sub_module.set_iterable::<MyIterableType>();
+    sub_module.set_fn_0("new_ts", || Ok(MyIterableType("hello".to_string())));
+
+    let mut module = Module::new();
+    module.set_sub_module("inner", sub_module);
+
+    engine.register_module("testing", module);
+
+    let script = r#"
+        let item = testing::inner::new_ts();
+        let result = "";
+
+        for x in item {
+            result += x;
+        }
+        result
+    "#;
+
+    assert_eq!(engine.eval::<String>(script)?, "hello");
+
+    Ok(())
+}

tests/modules.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ fn test_module_sub_module() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
     sub_module2.set_var("answer", 41 as INT);
 
     let hash_inc = sub_module2.set_fn_1("inc", |x: INT| Ok(x + 1));
+    sub_module2.set_fn_1_mut("super_inc", |x: &mut INT| Ok(*x + 1));
 
     sub_module.set_sub_module("universe", sub_module2);
     module.set_sub_module("life", sub_module);
@@ -39,26 +40,32 @@ fn test_module_sub_module() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
 
     assert_eq!(m2.get_var_value::<INT>("answer").unwrap(), 41);
 
-    let mut resolver = StaticModuleResolver::new();
-    resolver.insert("question", module);
-
     let mut engine = Engine::new();
-    engine.set_module_resolver(Some(resolver));
+    engine.register_module("question", module);
 
+    assert_eq!(engine.eval::<INT>("question::MYSTIC_NUMBER")?, 42);
+    assert!(engine.eval::<INT>("MYSTIC_NUMBER").is_err());
     assert_eq!(
-        engine.eval::<INT>(r#"import "question" as q; q::MYSTIC_NUMBER"#)?,
+        engine.eval::<INT>("question::life::universe::answer + 1")?,
         42
     );
     assert_eq!(
-        engine.eval::<INT>(r#"import "question" as q; q::life::universe::answer + 1"#)?,
+        engine.eval::<INT>("question::life::universe::inc(question::life::universe::answer)")?,
         42
     );
+    assert!(engine
+        .eval::<INT>("inc(question::life::universe::answer)")
+        .is_err());
+
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
     assert_eq!(
-        engine.eval::<INT>(
+        engine.eval::<INT>("super_inc(question::life::universe::answer)")?,
-            r#"import "question" as q; q::life::universe::inc(q::life::universe::answer)"#
-        )?,
         42
     );
+    #[cfg(feature = "no_object")]
+    assert!(engine
+        .eval::<INT>("super_inc(question::life::universe::answer)")
+        .is_err());
 
     Ok(())
 }

tests/switch.rs

@@ -62,3 +62,59 @@ fn test_switch() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "no_index"))]
+#[cfg(not(feature = "no_object"))]
+mod test_switch_enum {
+    use super::*;
+    use rhai::Array;
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+    enum MyEnum {
+        Foo,
+        Bar(INT),
+        Baz(String, bool),
+    }
+
+    impl MyEnum {
+        fn get_enum_data(&mut self) -> Array {
+            match self {
+                Self::Foo => vec!["Foo".into()] as Array,
+                Self::Bar(num) => vec!["Bar".into(), (*num).into()] as Array,
+                Self::Baz(name, option) => {
+                    vec!["Baz".into(), name.clone().into(), (*option).into()] as Array
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_switch_enum() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
+        let mut engine = Engine::new();
+
+        engine
+            .register_type_with_name::<MyEnum>("MyEnum")
+            .register_get("get_data", MyEnum::get_enum_data);
+
+        let mut scope = Scope::new();
+        scope.push("x", MyEnum::Baz("hello".to_string(), true));
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            engine.eval_with_scope::<INT>(
+                &mut scope,
+                r#"
+                    switch x.get_data {
+                        ["Foo"] => 1,
+                        ["Bar", 42] => 2,
+                        ["Bar", 123] => 3,
+                        ["Baz", "hello", false] => 4,
+                        ["Baz", "hello", true] => 5,
+                        _ => 9
+                    }
+                "#
+            )?,
+            5
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

tests/syntax.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use rhai::{Engine, EvalAltResult, LexError, ParseError, ParseErrorType, INT, NO_POS};
+use rhai::{Dynamic, Engine, EvalAltResult, LexError, ParseError, ParseErrorType, INT, NO_POS};
 
 #[test]
 fn test_custom_syntax() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ fn test_custom_syntax() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
                 }
             }
 
-            Ok(().into())
+            Ok(Dynamic::UNIT)
         },
     )?;
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn test_custom_syntax() -> Result<(), Box<EvalAltResult>> {
     // The first symbol must be an identifier
     assert_eq!(
         *engine
-            .register_custom_syntax(&["!"], 0, |_, _| Ok(().into()))
+            .register_custom_syntax(&["!"], 0, |_, _| Ok(Dynamic::UNIT))
             .expect_err("should error")
             .0,
         ParseErrorType::BadInput(LexError::ImproperSymbol(